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Chakchiuma
The Chakchiuma were a Native American tribe of the upper Yazoo River region of what is today the state of Mississippi.〔Gibson, Arrell M. "The Indians of Mississippi" in McLemore, Richard Audrey, ed. ''A History of Mississippi'' (Hattiesburg: University and College Press of Mississippi, 1973) p. 69〕 The identification of the Chakchiuma by the French of the late 17th century as "a Chicacha nation" indicates that they were related to the Chickasaw and of similar Muskogean stock,〔 as does the etymology of their name. The Chakchiuma have also been claimed to be the ancestors of the Houma tribe, who have a red crawfish as their war totem, though their existence as distinct groups at least from first contact with Europeans is confirmed by French encounters.
== Name ==
According to Swanton, the name was originally ''Sa'ktcihuma'' "red crawfish," referring to the tribal totem. This name is cognate with the Choctaw ''shakchi humma'' "red crawfish". It has appeared in European language sources in a variety of ways, including as ''Sacchuma'' and ''Saquechuma'' in records of de Soto's travels, and as ''Choquichoumans by'' d'Iberville.〔Swanton. ''Indians of the Southeastern U. S.'' p. 105〕 Some also believe the name Houma is derived from Chakchiuma.〔Pritzker, Barry M. ''Native Americans: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture and Peoples'' (Denver: ABC-CLIO, 1998) Vol. 2, p. 550〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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