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The Chalkeia festival (also spelled Chalceia), the festival of Bronze-workers, was a religious festival devoted to the goddess Athena. It was celebrated on the last day of Pyanopsion (October or November on the Attica calendar). The festival celebrated Athena Ergane and Hephaestus, in honor of both gods as patron deities of Athens, and as deities of handicrafts.〔Erika Simon, Festivals of Attica, pg. 38-39, University of Wisconsin Press. 1983〕 Each year, preparations are begun for a specialized peplos (a robed garment worn by Greek women) which is made to be offered to the goddess at another festival, the Panathenaea.〔Jenifer Neils, Goddess and Polis: The Panathenaic Festival in Ancient Athens, pg. 113 Princeton University Press. 1992〕 ==Traditions== Though Hephaestus was involved, the festival’s main focus was Athena. The offerings recorded for each day were always for Athena, not her male counterpart. Also, the main focus of the festival (the sacred peplos) was for Athena, while Hephaestus wasn’t given any gifts.〔Larson, Ancient Greek Cults, pg. 45, Routledge. 2007〕 ‘Athena Ergane’ was a specific title given to Athena as the patron of crafts, particularly weaving. Under this moniker, she was the goddess of all handicrafts, or functional artwork. To honor this, on the day of the festival, a loom is set up by the priestesses of Athena and arrephoroi. From the loom, a great peplos is warped and woven. The arrephoroi were young girls, not much more than seven years old, and had been chosen by the archon basileus from four aristocratic girls nominated by the Athenian people. Because of their youth they were not really directly involved with the weaving, but it was believed that the beginning of the work was blessed by their presence. It was considered a great honor to be chosen to be an arrephoroi; there are honorific portrait statues and inscribed statues that have been found that commemorate various daughters’ involvement as child servants of Athena.〔Evy Johanne Haland, “The Ritual Year of Athena: The Agricultural Cycle of the Olive, Girls’ Rites of Passage, and Official Ideology,” Journal of Religious History, Vol. 36, No. 2, pg. 256 June 2012〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chalceia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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