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''Chamaecyparis'', common names cypress or false cypress (to distinguish it from related cypresses), is a genus of conifers in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to eastern Asia (Japan + Taiwan) and to the western and eastern margins of the United States.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Famlies )〕 The name is derived from the Greek ''khamai'', meaning ground, and ''kuparissos'' for cypress. They are medium-sized to large evergreen trees growing from tall, with foliage in flat sprays. The leaves are of two types, needle-like juvenile leaves on young seedlings up to a year old, and scale-like adult leaves. The cones are globose to oval, with 8-14 scales arranged in opposite decussate pairs; each scale bears 2-4 small seeds. ;species〔〔(Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps )〕 # ''Chamaecyparis formosensis'' Matsum. - Taiwan # ''Chamaecyparis lawsoniana'' (A.Murray) Parl. - California, Oregon, Washington # ''Chamaecyparis obtusa'' (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. - Japan # ''Chamaecyparis pisifera'' (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. - Honshu, Kyushu # ''Chamaecyparis taiwanensis'' Masam. & Suzuki - Taiwan # ''Chamaecyparis thyoides'' (L.) Britton - Eastern United States (Mississippi to Maine) ''Chamaecyparis taiwanensis'' is treated by many authors as a variety of ''C. obtusa'' (as ''C. obtusa'' var. ''formosana''). Genus ''Fokienia'' is not always recognized as a separate genus from ''Chamaecyparis'', in which case ''Chamaecyparis hodginsii'' (=''Fokienia hodginsii'' should be added to the above list. On the other hand, a species which used to be included in this genus, as ''Chamaecyparis nootkatensis'', has now been transferred on the basis of strong genetic and morphological evidence to the separate genus ''Xanthocyparis'' as ''Xanthocyparis nootkatensis'', or back to ''Cupressus nootkatensis'' (the name it was originally described under in 1824). There are also several species described from the fossil record including: *†''Chamaecyparis eureka'' Middle Eocene, Axel Heiberg Island, Canada. *†''Chamaecyparis linguaefolia'' Early-Middle Oligocene, Colorado, USA. *†''Chamaecyparis ravenscragensis'' (=''Fokienia ravenscragensis''), if genus ''Fokienia'' is not recognized. ''Chamaecyparis'' species are used as food plants by the larva of some Lepidoptera species including Juniper Pug and Pine Beauty. ==Cultivation and uses== Four species (''C. lawsoniana, C. obtusa, C. pisifera'', and ''C. thyoides'') are of considerable importance as ornamental trees in horticulture; several hundred cultivars have been selected for various traits, including dwarf size, yellow, blue, silvery or variegated foliage, permanent retention of juvenile leaves, and thread-like shoots with reduced branching. In some areas, cultivation is limited by ''Phytophthora'' root rot diseases, with ''C. lawsoniana'' being particularly susceptible to ''P. lateralis''. The wood is scented, and is highly valued, particularly in Japan, where it is used for temple construction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chamaecyparis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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