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Chameleon
Chameleons or chamaeleons (family Chamaeleonidae) are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of old world lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015. These species come in a range of colours, and many species have the ability to change colours. Chameleons are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet; their very long, highly modified, rapidly extrudable tongues; their swaying gait; and crests or horns on their distinctively shaped heads. Most species, the larger ones in particular, also have a prehensile tail. Chameleons' eyes are independently mobile, but in aiming at a prey item, they focus forward in coordination, affording the animal stereoscopic vision. Chameleons are adapted for climbing and visual hunting. They are found in warm habitats that range from rain forest to desert conditions, various species occurring in Africa, Madagascar, southern Europe, and across southern Asia as far as Sri Lanka. They also have been introduced to Hawaii, California, and Florida, and often are kept as household pets.
==Etymology==
The English word ''chameleon'' is a simplified spelling of Latin ''chamaeleōn'', a borrowing of the Greek χαμαιλέων (''khamailéōn''),〔(χαμαιλέων ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 a compound of χαμαί (''khamaí'') "on the ground"〔(χαμαί ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕 and λέων (''léōn'') "lion".〔(λέων ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕〔(Dictionary.com entry for "chameleon" )〕 The Greek word is a calque translating the Akkadian ''nēš qaqqari'', literally "lion of the ground".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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