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Chandauli
Chandauli is a town and a nagar panchayat in Chandauli district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Chandauli District.
Chandauli became a separate district for the first time on 20 May 1997. However, after coming into power, Mulayam Singh Yadav dissolved it on January, 2004 and ensured its merger again in Varanasi. But, the decision was challenged in the high court after which its recreation was ensured on 17 June 2004.
==History==
The region covered by the present district was part of the ancient kingdom of Kashi. Apart from the numerous legends connected with this district, valuable evidence of antiquity has been found there and the remains of brick-strewn mounds are spread all over the district.
There are some deserted sites, tanks and kund seen in tahsils of the district and they carry vague legends. One of the ancient site of the district, "Baluwa" is situated about 21 km. to the southern part of tahsil sakaldiha at the banks of river Ganga where Ganga flows from east to west direction. A religious fair for Hindus takes place every year in the month of magha(January) which is known as "Pachchim vahini Mela" it is said that the Ganga flows east to west direction only at two places in the country first in Allahabad and second one at Baluwa.Village Ramgarh of tahsil sakaldiha, known as birthplace of great Aghoreshwari saint shree Kinaram Baba is just 6 km. away from Chahniya. He was a great follower of vaishnav faith and also Shiva and Shakta faith, and believed in god power. He devoted his entire life for the services of mankind. This place has become holy place for Hinduism.In one of the ancient sites in the village Hetampur of the district, there is a fort which is known as "Fort of Hetam" which is situated about 22 km. to the north east from the district headquarters. The ruins of this fort are spread over on 22 bigas in area. It is said that this fort was designed and constructed between 14th to 15th centuries by Todar Mal Khatri who was the construction supervisor in the kingdom of Sher Shah Suri. After Mughal period, Hetam Khan, Talukedar and Jagirdar captured this fort. There are five famous ruined kot, known as Bhulaini Kot, Bhitari Kot, Bichali Kot, Uttrai Kot and Dakchhani Kot, which attract the visitors.Being the part of Kashi Kingdom, the history of the Chandauli district is the same as of Kashi Kingdom and of Varanasi district. Before the birth of lord Buddha, in 6th century BC, Bharatvarsha was divided into sixteen Mahajanpadas; Kashi was one of them and its capital was Varanasi. Modern Banaras with its surroundings region was called kashi Mahajanpad. Varanasi city is one of the ancient cities of India, as well as among the ancient towns of the world. It is a centre of learning since long ago. Its name comes in Puranas, Mahabharata and Ramayana. It is a sacred place of Hindu as well as Buddhist and Jain also. The name of Kashi came to be known after name of king Kashi the seventh king of this dynasty. After the seventh generation a famous king, Dhanwantri, ruled over this region, whose name is famous in the field of medicine as founder of Ayurveda. Kashi kingdom was, however, dominated by Brahmadutta dynasty of Magadh during the century preceding the Mahabharata war but past Mahabharata period saw the rise of Brahmadutta dynasty. About a hundred kings of this generation are said to have had their supremacy over this region, some of these rulers become the Chakravarty Samrat. King Manoj of kashi brought the kingdom of Kaushala, Anga and Magadh in his possession and annexed their territories to his empire. In the Jain scriptures, a king of kashi named Ashwasewa was the father of 23rd Tirthankar Parshvanath.In 1775 Kashi Kingdom had come under the influence of British Empire. The last king of this generation was Bibhuti Narayan Singh who ruled for about eight years till the emergence of independence, Banaras state was merged with India. Babu Prashidh Narayan singh was the 1st graduate in Chandauli District. He was the first leader of Varanasi and Chandauli district. He was the first Chairman of Banaras District Board. Kadirabad is the birthplace of Babu Prashidh Narayan singh, the freedom fighter from Chandauli and Varanasi.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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