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Chanakya
Chanakya (IAST: '; ; 350 – 275 BCE)〔 was an Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal advisor. He is traditionally identified as Kautilya or Vishnu Gupta, who authored the ancient Indian political treatise, the ''Arthashastra'' (''Economics''). As such, he is considered as the pioneer of the field of political science and economics in India, and his work is thought of as an important precursor to classical economics.〔L. K. Jha, K. N. Jha (1998). "Chanakya: the pioneer economist of the world", ''International Journal of Social Economics'' 25 (2–4), p. 267–282.〕〔Waldauer, C., Zahka, W.J. and Pal, S. 1996. (Kauṭilya's Arthashastra: A neglected precursor to classical economics ). ''Indian Economic Review, Vol. XXXI, No. 1, pp. 101–108.〕〔Tisdell, C. 2003. (A Western perspective of Kauṭilya's Arthashastra: does it provide a basis for economic science? ) ''Economic Theory, Applications and Issues Working Paper No. 18''. Brisbane: School of Economics, The University of Queensland.〕〔Sihag, B.S. 2007. Kauṭilya on institutions, governance, knowledge, ethics and prosperity. ''Humanomics'' 23 (1): 5–28.〕 His works were lost near the end of the Gupta Empire and not rediscovered until 1915.〔
Originally a professor of economics and political science at the ancient university of Takshashila, Chanakya managed the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta's rise to power at a young age. He is widely credited for having played an important role in the establishment of the Maurya Empire, which was the first empire in archaeologically recorded history to rule most of the Indian subcontinent. Chanakya served as the chief advisor to both emperors Chandragupta and his son Bindusara.
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