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Primary nutritional groups are groups of organisms, divided in relation to the nutrition mode according to the sources of energy and carbon, needed for living, growth and reproduction. The sources of energy can be light and organic or inorganic compounds; the sources of carbon can be of organic or inorganic origin. 〔Brock Biology of Microorganisms (''Definitions of metabolic strategies to obtain carbon and energy'' )〕 The terms ''aerobic respiration'', ''anaerobic respiration'' and ''fermentation'' do not refer to primary nutritional groups, but simply reflect the different use of possible electron acceptors in particular organisms, such as O2 in aerobic respiration, or NO3−, SO42− or fumarate in anaerobic respiration, or various metabolic intermediates in fermentation. Because all ATP-generating steps in fermentation involve modifications of metabolic intermediates instead of the use of an electron transport chain fermentation is often referred to as ''substrate-level phosphorylation''. == Primary sources of energy == Phototrophs: Light is absorbed in photo receptors and transformed into chemical energy. Chemotrophs: Bond energy is released from a chemical compound. The freed energy is stored as potential energy in ATP, carbohydrates, lipids or proteins. Eventually, the energy is used for life processes as moving, growth and reproduction. Some bacteria can alternate phototrophy and chemotrophy, depending on availability of light. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Primary nutritional groups」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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