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Chemorepulsion
Chemorepulsion is the directional movement of a cell away from a substance. Of the two directional varieties of chemotaxis, chemoattraction has been studied to a much greater extent. Only recently have the key components of the chemorepulsive pathway been elucidated.〔Vianello, F., E. Righi, et al. (2010). Methods for Quantitation of Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Fugetaxis. T-Cell Trafficking. F. M. Marelli-Berg and S. Nourshargh, Humana Press. 616: 115-124.〕 The exact mechanism is still being investigated, and its constituents are currently being explored as likely candidates for immunotherapies.〔IMMUNOLOGY - CHAPTER ONE > INNATE (NON-SPECIFIC) IMMUNITY Gene Mayer, Ph.D. Immunology Section of Microbiology and Immunology On-line. University of South Carolina.〕
== History and etymology ==
The mechanism of the chemorepulsion of immune cells was first acknowledged by medical researchers at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston in early 2002.〔 The phenomenon was originally referred to as "reverse chemotaxis," and later, “fugetaxis” (derived from the Latin words ''fugere'', to flee from; and ''taxis'', movement).〔 For a time, the words were used interchangeably before being replaced almost exclusively by “chemorepulsion.” While "chemorepulsion" applies to all cell types, the term "immunorepulsion" is gaining momentum as a more specific term that only applies to hematopoietic blood cell types that are involved in immune responses. Different cell types to which the term "immunorepulsion" could potentially be applied include: Myeloid lineage cells (monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, erythrocytes, platelets, dendritic cells) and Lymphoid lineage cells (T-cells, B-cells, NK-cells).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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