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City God (China)
The Chenghuangshen (), literally God of the Moat and the Walls or God of the Boundary, but usually translated as City God or Town God, is a tutelary deity or deities in Chinese folk religion who protects the people and the affairs of the particular village, town or city of great dimension, and the corresponding afterlife location.
Beginning over 2000 years ago, the cult of the Chenghuangshen originally involved worship of a protective deity of a town's walls and moats. Later, the term came to be applied to deified leaders from the town, who serve in authority over the souls of the deceased from that town, and intervene in the affairs of the living, in conjunction with other officials of the hierarchy of divine beings.
==Name==
In the name ''Chénghuángshén'' (城隍神), the first character ''cheng'' (城) means "city wall" (a "defensive rampart"; or, by extension, "walled city") and the second character, ''huang'' (隍), literally means "moat". ''Shen'' (神) means a god. Put together, Chenghuangshen was originally the name of a deity or type of deity believed to be able to provide divine protection to a city's physical defenses, particularly its surrounding wall and moat. Later the concept became more generalized, and the meaning extended to the office itself of such a deity, rather than the presumed office-holder (in later times, it was standard to officially appoint the spirit of the government official in charge of the city to a three-year term as City God, upon his decease〔Yang, 156〕).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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