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Cherkessk
Cherkessk ((ロシア語:Черке́сск)) is the capital city of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia, as well as its political, economic, and cultural center. Its population was 129,069 (in 2010).
==Names==
In Russian, the city is called (''Čerkessk'') and has similar names in the languages of the city's other major ethnic groups. In Karachay, it is (''Çerkessk'')〔 or (''Çerkessk şaxar''); in Kabardian, it is (''Shärjäs q’alä'') or (''Čérkéssk'');〔 in Abaza, it is (''Ćerkes q̇ala'') or (''Ćerkessk'');〔 in Nogai, it is (''Şerkeş şaxar'') and in Ukrainian, it is (''Čerkes′k'').
For its first century of existence, Cherkessk was a ''stanitsa'', a village inside a Cossack host, which from 1825 to 1931 was named Batalpashinskaya stanitsa (Russian: ''Batalpašinskaja stanica'')〔 and nicknamed Pashinka ( ''Pašinka'') In 1931, it was renamed Batalpashinsk ( ''Batalpašinsk''),〔(Города России: Черкесск. Энциклопедия ) — М.: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. И. Кондратьева, 1994. 〕〔 and then in quick succession Sulimov ( ''Sulimov'') in 1934〔〔 for Daniil Sulimov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR, and following Sulimov's execution in the Great Purge, Yezhovo-Cherkessk ( ''Ežovo-Čerkessk'') in 1937〔〔 for Nikolai Yezhov, head of the NKVD. With Yezhov's arrest, the initial "Yezhovo-" was dropped, and the city received its present name in 1939.〔〔
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