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Cherusci
The Cherusci (sometimes called the Cherusks) were a Germanic tribe that inhabited parts of the plains and forests of northwestern Germany, in the area possibly near present-day Hanover, during the 1st century BC and 1st century AD. Ethnically, Pliny the Elder groups them with their neighbours the Suebi and Chatti, as well as the Hermunduri, as Hermiones, one of the Germanic groupings said to descend from an ancestor named Mannus. They led an important war against the Roman Empire. Subsequently they were probably absorbed into the tribal confederations such as the Franks and Allemanni.
==Etymology==
The etymological origin of the name ''Cherusci'' is not known with certainty. According to the dominant opinion in scholarship, the name may derive from the ancient Germanic word
*''herut'' (Modern English ''hart'', i.e. 'deer'). The tribe may have been named after the deer because it had a totemistic significance in Germanic symbolism.〔''Reallexikon der germanischen Alterturmskunde'' (1981), vol. 4, pp.430–432, s.v. "Cherusker"; cf also Rudolf Much, Herbert Jankuhn & Wolfgang Lange, ''Die Germania des Tacitus'', Heidelberg: Winter, 1967, p.411.〕 A different hypothesis, proposed in the 19th century by Jacob Grimm and others, derives the name from
*''heru-'', a word for 'sword' (cf. Gothic ''hairus'', Old English ''heoru'')〔Jacob Grimm, ''Geschichte der Deutschen Sprache'', 2nd ed., Leipzig 1853, vol. 2, p.426.〕 Hans Kuhn has argued that the derivational suffix ''-sk-'', involved in both explanations, is otherwise not common in Germanic. He suggested that the name may therefore be a compound of ultimately non-Germanic origin, connected to the hypothesized ''nordwestblock''.〔''Reallexikon der germanischen Alterturmskunde'' (1973), vol. 1, pp.420–421, s.v. "Arminius".〕
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