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Chechelnyk
Chechelnyk or Chechelnik (earlier also Chichelnik; alternate spellings Chetschelnik, Chitchilnik, Cicelnic, Czeczelnik, Tschetschelnik〔Gary Mokotoff, Sallyann Amdur Sack, and Alexander Sharon, ''Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust'' (Avotaynu, 2002: ISBN 1-886223-15-7), p. 57.〕) ((ウクライナ語:Чечельник), (ロシア語:Чечельни́к)) is an urban-type settlement on the Savranka River (a tributary of the Southern Bug) in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine (before the Russian Revolution in the Podolia Gubernia of the Russian Empire), near Odessa Oblast. Chechelnyk is the administrative center of Chechelnyk Raion, one of 33 regions of Vinnytsia Oblast. The economy is based on the food industry, especially alcohol production. Population: .
Chechelnik was founded "as a refuge from Tatars and landlords"〔Benjamin Moser, ''Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector'' (Oxford University Press US, 2009: ISBN 0-19-538556-X), p. 32.〕 in the early 16th century and achieved the status of a town in 1635. Between 1795 and 1812 it was renamed Olgopol. In 1898 the population was 7,000, of whom 1,967 were Jews. Like most of Podolia, the town suffered terribly during the Russian Civil War; during the summer of 1920, "the south of Podolia seethed with counterrevolution... and Olgopol County, where Chechelnik is located, was the most unstable area in all of Podolia."〔Moser, ''Why This World'', p. 32.〕
The Brazilian writer Clarice Lispector was born in the town on December 10, 1920, during a pause in the family's journey to escape Russia.
==References==
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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