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Chinese city wall : ウィキペディア英語版
Chinese city wall

Chinese city walls () refer to civic defensive systems used to protect towns and cities in China in pre-modern times. The system consisted of walls, towers, and gates, which were often built to a uniform standard throughout the Empire.
==Meaning of the word ''Chengqiang''==

The Chinese word ''Chéngqiáng'' (城墙) can be used in two senses in the modern Chinese language. In a broad sense, it means all defensive walls, including the Great Wall of China, as well as similar structures in other countries such as Hadrian's Wall. In a narrow sense, Chengqiang specifically refers to defensive walls built around a city or town.
In classical Chinese, the character ''Chéng'' (城) denoted the defensive wall of the "inner city", housing government buildings. The character ''Guó'' (郭) denoted the defensive wall of the "outer city", housing mainly residences. The phrase Chángchéng (长城), literally "the Long Wall", specifically referred to the Great Wall.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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