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Chipperfield is a village and civil parish in the Dacorum district of Hertfordshire, England, about 5 miles southwest of Hemel Hempstead and 5 miles north of Watford. The rural parish includes the hamlet of Tower Hill. The village centre is a large green on the edge of nearby Chipperfield common. It stands on a chalk plateau at the edge of the Chiltern Hills, some 130 to 160 metres above sea level. The parish has been included within the Metropolitan Green Belt. ==History== Prehistoric activity in the area is testified by the presence of two tumuli on the common. Besides being burial mounds these may have designated the boundary of lands worked by Bronze Age communities in the Gade and Chess valleys.〔Explanatory sign beside tumuli on Chipperfield common.〕 For centuries Chipperfield was an outlying settlement of Kings Langley consisting only of scattered houses. The first documentary evidence of the name is found in 1316, when Edward II bequeathed ‘the Manor House of Langley the closes adjoining together with the vesture of Chepervillewode for Fewel and other Necessaries’ to the Dominican Black Friars.〔 The name is probably derived from the Anglo-Saxon ''ceapere'' meaning a trader together with ''feld'' meaning field. This suggests that there was some form of market or trading of goods here in early times.〔 The Manor House, on the east side of the common, is a late medieval hall house but was extensively rebuilt by Thomas Gulston, before 1591. It is a grade II listed building.〔(The Manor House, Chipperfield ) British Listed Buildings , Listing NGR: TL0477201403, Accessed January 2014〕 By the 1830s Chipperfield was large enough to warrant the building of both Anglican and Baptist churches and became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1848. For a number of years the Lords of the Manor were the Blackwell family who were benefactors to the village. Two of the family's sons were killed during World War One. Second Lieutenant Charles Blackwell (4th battalion, Royal Fusiliers) was wounded at the Second Battle of Ypres and died in France in July 1915. Lieutenant William Gordon Blackwell (8th battalion, Royal Fusiliers), the younger of the two brothers, was killed in action during the Battle of the Somme on 5 October 1916. As a memorial the Blackwell family gave the village the village club, which remained a club until quite recently. It's now been renamed Blackwells and it's both a bar and cafe open to the public next to the common. There are names of 38 local men who died in World War One inscribed on the War Memorial on the village green and repeated on a memorial plaque inside the church. An additional name appears on a war grave in the churchyard. There are also the names of 10 men who died in World War Two.〔(Chipperfield Memorials ) Roll of Honour, 11 January 2004〕 In 1936 Chipperfield Common was gifted in to the local authority to be maintained in consultation with the people of Chipperfield.〔(The Village Official website )〕 Since the end of World War II the village has dramatically expanded with housing estates built during the 1940s and an extensive council estate to the east of Croft Lane built in the 1960s. In 1963 Chipperfield was split off from Kings Langley and Chipperfield Parish Council created.〔(Village History ) At Chipperfield Village websire. accessed December 2013〕 In 1959 the actor and comedian Peter Sellers purchased the Manor House, a grade II listed building, on the east side of the common. He lived there until 1962 attracting many famous stars and film moguls to visit him in the village.〔(Peter Sellers at Chipperfield Manor ) , Amanda Hodges, Hertfordshire Life , Wednesday, 2 March 2011〕 The former U.S. President Jimmy Carter can trace his family roots to John Carter of Jeffery's Farm, situated to the south east of the village.〔(Hertfordshire Genealogy: Book 0189: The Carters of Kings Langley Paper-Making )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chipperfield」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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