|
|Section2= |Section7= }} Chloral, also known as trichloroacetaldehyde, is the organic compound with the formula Cl3CCHO. This aldehyde is a colourless oily liquid that is soluble in a wide range of solvents. It reacts with water to form chloral hydrate, a once widely used sedative and hypnotic substance. ==Production== Chloral is produced commercially by the chlorination of acetaldehyde in hydrochloric acid, producing chloral hydrate. Ethanol can also be used as a feedstock. This reaction is catalyzed by antimony trichloride: :H3CCHO + 3 Cl2 + H2O → Cl3CCH(OH)2 + 3 HCl The chloral hydrate is distilled from the reaction mixture. The distillate is then dehydrated with concentrated sulfuric acid, after which the heavier acid layer (containing the water) is drawn on" :Cl3CCH(OH)2 → Cl3CCHO + H2O The resulting product is purified by fractional distillation.〔Reinhard Jira, Erwin Kopp, Blaine C. McKusick, Gerhard Röderer, Axel Bosch and Gerald Fleischmann "Chloroacetaldehydes" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕 Small amounts of chloral hydrate occur in some chlorinated water. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chloral」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|