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''Cichociemni'' ((:t͡ɕixɔˈt͡ɕɛmɲi); the "Silent Unseen" or "Dark and Silent"〔(BURTON ON THE WOLDS Leicestershire 1948– 1959 )〕) were elite special-operations paratroops of the Polish Army in exile, created in Great Britain during World War II to operate in occupied Poland (Polish: ''Cichociemni Spadochroniarze Armii Krajowej'', "Silent-Dark Paratroopers of Home Army").〔Kazimierz Iranek-Osmecki (pl), ''The Unseen and Silent: Adventures from the Underground Movement, Narrated by Paratroops of the Polish Home Army'', Sheed and Ward, 1954, p. 350.〕 Altogether 2613 soldiers of the Polish Army volunteered for training by Polish and British SOE operatives. Only 606 people finished the training and eventually 316 of them were secretly parachuted into occupied Poland. The first operation ("air bridge" as it was called at the time) took place on 15 February 1941. After 27 December 1944 further operations were discontinued as most of Poland had been controlled by the Red Army. Out of 316 Cichociemni, 103 perished during the war either in combat with the Germans, murdered by the Gestapo or in air crashes. A further nine were murdered by the communist secret services after the war. Altogether 91 operatives took part in the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. ==The name== The origins of the name are obscure and may never be known with certainty. "Silent Unseen" probably related to how some soldiers seemingly disappeared from their line units overnight to volunteer for special operations service, and also describes those "who appear silently where they are least expected, play havoc with the enemy and disappear whence they came, unnoticed, unseen."〔Kazimierz Iranek-Osmecki, ''The Unseen and Silent, p. 350.〕 The Silent Unseen were trained initially in Scotland in preparation for missions for the Polish underground in occupied Poland, such as building-clearance and bridge-demolition. In 1944, training was also carried out in Brindisi, Italy, which had by then fallen to the Allies. Initially the name was informal and was used mainly by soldiers who volunteered to parachute into Poland. However, from September 1941 the name became official and was used in all documents. It was applied both to the secret Polish Headquarters training unit created to provide agents with necessary knowledge, money and equipment, as well as to agents who were transported to Poland and other German-occupied countries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cichociemni」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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