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Cinquain is a class of poetic forms that employ a 5-line pattern. Earlier used to describe any five-line form, it now refers to one of several forms that are defined by specific rules and guidelines. ==American Cinquain== The modern form, known as American Cinquain〔(Garison, Denis, ''An Introduction to the American Cinquain'', Amaze: The Cinquain Journal Vol 1 No 1 Summer 2002 )〕 inspired by Japanese haiku and tanka,〔Toleos, Aaron. (Cinquains explained ) Retrieved 2010-06-11.〕 akin in spirit to that of the Imagists.〔Stillman, Frances, ''The Poet's Manual and Rhyming Dictionary'', Thames & Hudson, London ISBN 0-500-27030-9〕 In her 1915 collection titled ''Verse'', published one year after her death, Adelaide Crapsey included 28 cinquains.〔Toleos, Aaron. (''Verse'' and its legacy ) Retrieved 2010-06-11.〕 Crapsey's American Cinquain form developed in two stages. The first, fundamental form is a stanza of five lines of accentual verse, in which the lines comprise, in order, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 1 stresses. Then Crapsey decided to make the criterion a stanza of five lines of accentual-syllabic verse, in which the lines comprise, in order, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 1 stresses and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 2 syllables. Iambic feet were meant to be the standard for the cinquain, which made the dual criteria match perfectly. Some resource materials define classic cinquains as solely iambic, but that is not necessarily so.〔(Garison, Denis, An Introduction to the American Cinquain, Amaze: The Cinquain Journal Vol 1, No 1, Summer 2002 )〕 In contrast to the Eastern forms upon which she based them, Crapsey always titled her cinquains, effectively utilizing the title as a sixth line. Crapsey's cinquain depends on strict structure and intense physical imagery to communicate a mood or feeling.〔Fever Show, article by Erin Post, Lake Champlain Weekly, October 16, 2002〕 The form is illustrated by Crapsey's "November Night":〔Crapsey, Adelaide (1922). ''Verse'', p.31. Quoted in (28 cinquains from Adelaide Crapsey's ''Verse'' ), at (Cinquain.org. ) Retrieved 2010-06-09.〕
The Scottish poet William Soutar also wrote over one hundred American Cinquains (he labelled them Epigrams) between 1933 and 1940.〔''Flowers of Life'', A Selection of Cinquains by William Soutar, Ed. Brian Strand, QQ Press, Rothesay ISBN 1-903203-47-3〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cinquain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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