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Circassia
Circassia (,〔http://aheku.org/ 〕 (ロシア語:Черке́сия), (グルジア語:ჩერქეზეთი), (アラビア語:شيركاسيا)〔http://www.circassianews.com/ 〕) is a region and historical country in the and along the northeast shore of the Black Sea. It is the ancestral homeland of the Circassian people.
==Name==
The name ''Circassia'' is a Latinisation of ''Cherkess'' (modern Turkish: Çerkes), the Turkic name for the Adyghe people, and originated in the 15th century with medieval Genoese merchants and travellers to Circassia.〔Latham, R. G. (Descriptive Ethnology. ) London, J. Van Voorst, 1859. P. 50.〕〔Latham, R. G. (Elements of Comparative Philology. ) London, Walton and Maberly, 1862. P. 279.〕 The name ''Cherkess'' is traditionally applied to the Adyghe by neighbouring Turkic peoples (principally Crimean Tatars〔Taitbout, De Marigny. (Three Voyages in the Black Sea to the Coast of Circassia. ) London, 1837. Pp. 5-6.〕 and Ottoman Turks〔Guthrie, William, James Ferguson, and John Knox. ''A New Geographical, Historical and Commercial Grammar and Present State of the Several Kingdoms of the World'' ... Philadelphia, Johnson & Warner, 1815. P. 549.〕).
Another historical name for the country was ''Zyx'' or the ''Zygii.'' The Zygii have been described by the ancient Greek intellectual Strabo as a nation to the north of Colchis.
At the end of the 15th century a detailed description of Circassia and of its inhabitants was made by Genoese traveler and ethnographer Giorgio Interiano.〔(Biblioteca Italiana.Vita de' Zichi chiamati Ciarcassi di G. Interiano ) 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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