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''Citrobacter'' is a genus of Gram-negative coliform bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family. The species ''C. amalonaticus'', ''C. koseri'', and ''C. freundii'' can use citrate as a sole carbon source. ''Citrobacter'' species are differentiated by their ability to convert tryptophan to indole, ferment lactose, and use malonate.〔Lipsky BA, Hook III EW, Smith AA, et al.: Citrobacter infections in humans: Experience at the Seattle Veterans Administration Medical Center and a review of the literature. Rev Infect Dis 1980; 2:746-760.〕 ''Citrobacter'' shows the ability to accumulate uranium by building phosphate complexes. ==Clinical significance== These bacteria can be found almost everywhere in soil, water, wastewater, etc. They can also be found in the human intestine. They are rarely the source of illnesses, except for infections of the urinary tract and infant meningitis and sepsis. ''C. freundii'' strains have inducible ''ampC'' genes encoding resistance to ampicillin and first-generation cephalosporins. In addition, isolates of ''Citrobacter'' may be resistant to many other antibiotics as a result of plasmid-encoded resistance genes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Citrobacter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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