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''Clausidium'' is a genus of copepods that have been found in subtopical to temperate coastal areas along the Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America, the Pacific and Atlantic Coasts of South America, the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Europe, the Atlantic coast of Africa, and the coast of India. 〔Terue C. Kihara, and Carlos E. F. Rocha (2013). First record of ''Clausidium'' (Copepoda, Clausidiidae) from Brazil: a new species associated with ghost shrimps ''Neocallichirus grandimana'' (Gibbes, 1850) (Decapoda, Callianassidae). ZooKeys 335: 47–67.〕 All of the known species occur on the bodies of mud shrimp (a.k.a. ghost shrimp) of the families Callianassidae and Upogebiidae, or from water collected from their burrows. ''Clausidium'' adhere tenaciously to the host, moving easily over the surface, appendages and into the gill chamber. 〔Gooding, Richard U. (1963). External morphology and classification of marine poecilostome copepods belonging to the families Clausidiidae, Clausiidae, Nereicolidae, Eunicicolidae, Synaptiphilidae, Catiniidae, Anomopsyllidae, and Echiurophilidae. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Washington, Seattle. pp. 1-247.〕 They are occasionally observed swimming free of the host; however, this behavior is uncommon. 〔Hayes, Howard J. (1984). Biology of ''Clausidium dissimile'': an epizoic copepod. M.Sc. Thesis, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, U.S.A.〕 The relationship between Clausidium and its host has not been definitively characterized, but may be commensalism. The adult male is much smaller than the adult female and is usually found firmly grasping the anal segment of the female. Morphologically the genus is very homogeneous. The unique identifying features seem correlated with the two behaviors of adhesion to the host and the male prehension on the female. The endopod of leg 1 is thick and modified with suckers. Leg 1 of the female also has a distinct large blade-like seta. Partial suckers are on the endopods of legs 2 through 4. Folds and projections on the anal segment of the female apparently complement the structure of the male maxilliped.〔 ''Clausidium'' contains the following species:〔 *''Clausidium apodiformis'' (Philippi, 1839) *''Clausidium californiense'' C. B. Wilson, 1935 *''Clausidium caudatum'' (Say, 1818) *''Clausidium chelatum'' Pillai, 1959 *''Clausidium dissimile'' C. B. Wilson, 1921 *''Clausidium rodriguesi'' Kihara, and Rocha 2013 *''Clausidium saldanhae'' Kensley, 1974 *''Clausidium searsi'' C. B. Wilson, 1937 *''Clausidium senegalense'' Humes, 1957 *''Clausidium tenax'' Humes, 1949 *''Clausidium testudo'' Kossmann, 1867 *''Clausidium travancorense'' Pillai, 1959 *''Clausidium vancouverense'' (Haddon, 1912) ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clausidium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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