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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Clausius-Mossotti ： ウィキペディア英語版 Clausius–Mossotti relation The Clausius–Mossotti relation is named after the Italian physicist Ottaviano-Fabrizio Mossotti, whose 1850 book analyzed the relationship between the dielectric constants of two different media, and the German physicist Rudolf Clausius, who gave the formula explicitly in his 1879 book in the context not of dielectric constants but of indices of refraction. The same formula also arises in the context of conductivity, in which it is known as Maxwell's formula. It arises yet again in the context of refractivity, in which it is known as the Lorentz–Lorenz equation. The Clausius–Mossotti law applies to the dielectric constant of a dielectric that is perfect, homogeneous and isotropic. It is the second of the following three equalities: :$\backslash frac\; \backslash cdot\; \backslash frac\; =\; \backslash frac\; \backslash cdot\; \backslash frac\; =\; \backslash frac\; =\; \backslash frac$ where *$\backslash epsilon\; =\; \backslash epsilon\_r\backslash epsilon\_0$ is the dielectric constant of a substance *$\backslash epsilon\_0$ is the permittivity of a vacuum *$M$ is the molar mass of the substance *$d$ is its density *$N\_A$ is Avogadro's number, *$\backslash alpha$ is the molecular polarizability in SI-units (C·m2/V) and *$\backslash alpha\text{'}\; =\; \backslash alpha/(4\backslash pi\backslash varepsilon\_0)$ is the molecular polarizability ''volume'' (m3 in SI) or the polarizability in the CGS system of units.〔 == Clausius–Mossotti factor == The Clausius–Mossotti factor can be expressed in terms of complex permittivities: :$K(\backslash omega)\; =\; \backslash frac$ :$\backslash epsilon^$ * = \epsilon + \frac = \epsilon - \frac where * $\backslash epsilon$ is the permittivity (the subscript p refers to a lossless dielectric sphere suspended in a medium m) * $\backslash sigma$ is the conductivity * $\backslash omega$ is the angular frequency of the applied electric field * i is the imaginary unit, the square root of -1 In the context of electrokinetic manipulation, the real part of the Clausius–Mossotti factor is a determining factor for the dielectrophoretic force on a particle, whereas the imaginary part is a determining factor for the electrorotational torque on the particle. Other factors are, of course, the geometries of the particle to be manipulated and the electric field. Whereas $Re(K(\backslash omega))$ can be directly measured by application of different AC potentials directly on electrodes,〔T. Honegger, K. Berton, E. Picard et D. Peyrade. Determination of Clausius–Mossotti factors and surface capacitances for colloidal particles. Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 98, no. 18, page 181906, 2011.〕 $Im(K(\backslash omega))$ can be measured by electro-rotation measurements thanks to optical trapping methods. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clausius–Mossotti relation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.