|
Cleanliness is both the abstract state of being clean and free from dirt, and the process of achieving and maintaining that state. Cleanliness may be wed with a moral quality, as indicated by the aphorism "cleanliness is next to godliness",〔Suellen Hoy, ''Chasing Dirt: The American Pursuit of Cleanliness'' (Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 3.〕 and may be regarded as contributing to other ideals such as 'health' and 'beauty'. In emphasizing an ongoing procedure or set of habits for the purpose of maintenance and prevention, the concept of cleanliness differs from purity, which is a physical, moral, or ritual state of freedom from pollutants. Whereas purity is usually a quality of an individual or substance, cleanliness has a social dimension, or implies a system of interactions.〔Elizabeth Shove, ''Comfort, Cleanliness, and Convenience: The Social Organization of Normality'' (Berg, 2003), p. 80.〕 "Cleanliness," observed Jacob Burckhardt, "is indispensable to our modern notion of social perfection."〔Jacob Burckhardt, ''The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy'', as quoted by Douglas Blow, ''The Culture of Cleanliness in Renaissance Italy'' (Cornell University Press, 2006), p. 1.〕 A household or workplace may be said to exhibit cleanliness, but not ordinarily purity; cleanliness also would be a characteristic of the people who maintain cleanness or prevent dirtying. On a practical level, cleanliness is thus related to hygiene and disease prevention. Washing is one way of achieving physical cleanliness, usually with water and often some kind of soap or detergent. Procedures of cleanliness are of utmost importance in many forms of manufacturing. As an assertion of moral superiority or respectability, cleanliness has played a role in establishing cultural values in relation to social class, humanitarianism, and cultural imperialism.〔Kathleen M. Brown, ''Foul Bodies: Cleanliness in Early America'' (Yale University Press, 2009), p. 327; Iris Marion Young, "The Scaling of Bodies and the Politics of Identity," as excerpted in ''From Modernism to Postmodernism: An Anthology'', edited by Lawrence E. Cahoone (Blackwell, 2003, 2nd ed.), p. 372; Nancy Cook, ''Gender, Identity, and Imperialism: Women Development Workers in Pakistan'' (Macmillan, 2007), p. 141.〕 Cleanliness is linked with proper hygiene. A person who is said to be clean usually depicts cleanliness. ==Religion== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cleanliness」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|