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Clindamycin
Clindamycin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugs.com/monograph/clindamycin-hydrochloride.html )〕 This includes middle ear infections, bone or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, and endocarditis among others.〔 It can be useful against some cases of methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (MRSA). It may also be used for acne and in addition to quinine for malaria. It is available by mouth, intravenously, and as a cream to be applied to the skin or in the vagina.〔
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, rash, and pain at the site of injection.〔 It increases the risk of ''Clostridium difficile'' colitis about fourfold. Other antibiotics may be recommended instead due to this reason.〔 It appears to be generally safe in pregnancy. It is of the lincosamide class and works by blocking bacteria from making protein.〔
Clindamycin was first made in 1967. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medication needed in a basic health system. It is available as a generic medication and is not very expensive. The wholesale cost is about 0.06 to 0.12 USD per pill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://erc.msh.org/dmpguide/resultsdetail.cfm?language=english&code=CLI300T&s_year=2014&year=2014&str=300%20mg&desc=Clindamycin&pack=new&frm=TAB-CAP&rte=PO&class_code2=06%2E2%2E2%2E&supplement=&class_name=%2806%2E2%2E2%2E%29Other%20antibacterials%3Cbr%3E )〕 In the United States it costs about 2.70 USD a dose.〔
== Medical uses ==
Clindamycin is used primarily to treat anaerobic infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria, including dental infections,〔Brook I, Lewis MA, Sándor GK, Jeffcoat M, Samaranayake LP, Vera Rojas J. Clindamycin in dentistry: more than just effective prophylaxis for endocarditis? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005 ;100:550-8〕 and infections of the respiratory tract, skin, and soft tissue, and peritonitis. In people with hypersensitivity to penicillins, clindamycin may be used to treat infections caused by susceptible aerobic bacteria, as well. It is also used to treat bone and joint infections, particularly those caused by ''Staphylococcus aureus''.〔 Topical application of clindamycin phosphate can be used to treat mild to moderate acne.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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