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Clojure (pronounced like "closure"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=meaning and pronunciation of Clojure )〕) is a dialect of the Lisp programming language created by Rich Hickey.〔 Clojure is a general-purpose programming language with an emphasis on functional programming. It runs on the Java Virtual Machine, Common Language Runtime, and JavaScript engines. Like other Lisps, Clojure treats code as data and has a macro system. The current development process is community-driven, overseen by Rich Hickey as its BDFL. Clojure takes a modern stance on programming by encouraging immutability and immutable data structures. While its type system is entirely dynamic, recent efforts have also sought the implementation of gradual typing. Clojure encourages programmers to be explicit about managing state and identity. This focus on programming with immutable values and explicit progression-of-time constructs are intended to facilitate the development of more robust programs, particularly multithreaded ones.〔〔 Clojure is successfully used in industry by companies such as Walmart, Puppet Labs, and other large software companies. Commercial support for Clojure is provided by Cognitect.〔 Annual Clojure conferences are organised every year across the globe, the most famous of them being (Clojure/conj ) (US east coast), (Clojure/West ) (US west coast), and (EuroClojure ) (Europe). The latest stable version of Clojure is 1.7, released on June 30, 2015. The first stable release was version 1.0, released on May 4, 2009. Clojure is free software released under the Eclipse Public License. ==History and development process== Rich Hickey is the creator of the Clojure programming language. Before Clojure, he developed dotLisp, a similar project based on the .NET platform. He also developed jfli (a Java foreign language interface for Common Lisp), FOIL (a Foreign Object Interface for Lisp) and Lisplets (a Lisp-friendly interface to Java Servlets). Those three were earlier attempts to provide interoperability between Lisp and Java. Hickey spent about 2½ years working on Clojure before publicly releasing it, much of that time working exclusively on Clojure without external funding. At the end of this period Hickey sent an email announcing the language to some friends in the Common Lisp community. The development process is community-driven〔 and the development is managed at the Clojure Community (website ). The website contains planning documents and an issue tracker where bugs may be filed. General development discussion takes place at the (Clojure Dev Google Group ). While anyone can submit bug reports and ideas, to contribute patches one must sign the Clojure Contributor agreement, JIRA tickets are processed by a team of screeners and finally Rich Hickey approves the changes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clojure」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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