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Clun is a small town in south Shropshire, England. The town is located entirely in the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The 2011 census recorded 680 people living in the town.〔Combined populations for the two output areas covering the town.() and ()〕 Research by the Campaign for the Protection of Rural England suggests that Clun is one of the most tranquil locations in England.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Campaign for the Protection of Rural England "> title=Tranquillity map: Shropshire )〕 ==History== Clun takes its name from the river upon which it stands. Deriving from an earlier Colun, it shares its very early British root with the two rivers Colne, in Lancashire and Essex, each of which has a town of the same name on its banks.〔Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names〕 Clun grew up around the site of the later Saxon church towards the end of the 7th century AD. However, in the surrounding area there was a scattered population at least as early as the Neolithic period, about 5000 years ago. Clun was on the historic drove road where flocks and herds were driven from Wales to the markets in the Midlands and London. At the time of the Norman Conquest Clun formed part of the extensive lands of Eadric The Wild, who led a revolt against King William I, whereon his lands were confiscated and given to Roger de Montgomery who was created Earl of Shrewsbury. Roger in turn granted 27 manors, of which Clun was the largest, to Robert (or "Picot") de Say. These lands constituted a single Marcher Lordship which became known as the Barony of Clun. The present holder of the title is the Duke of Norfolk. The early Lords of Clun had the power to carry out the death penalty, and one William Kempe held his house by the service of carrying to Shrewsbury the heads of felons executed at Clun. The Normans established a borough near the castle; the typical grid pattern is still quite clear in High Street, Newport Street, Kidd Lane, Powell's Lane, Ford Street and Hospital Lane. In 1204 King John granted a charter for a three-day fair to be held at Martinmas (11 November) and, at an unknown date, another three-day fair was established commencing on 12 May, the feast of Saints Nereus, Achilles and Pancras. In 1272 there were 183 burgages (or tenures) although the number declined soon after. The medieval lords had a Portmoot to collect market dues, a Halmoot to deal with their Welsh tenants and a Swanmoot to enforce the laws of Clun Forest. The later Manorial Court, together with the Borough Court, occupied a building which stood on the site of the present bowling green. In earlier times there may have been a chapel here, attached to the castle. However, in 1780 the 2nd Lord Clive pulled down the old courthouse and used the material towards the building of what is now the Town Hall. The principal officers were two bailiffs; their silver-mounted maces, dating from the 16th and 17th centuries, are on display in the museum together with the silver armorial seal of the Walcots of Walcot Hall. The Walcots were the Lords of the Manor from the mid-17th century until 1760, when they sold it to Lord Clive of India, whose descendant, the Earl of Powis, is the present Lord. The 14th-century pack horse bridge that crosses the river connecting Saxon Clun to Norman Clun has given rise to a local saying: "whoever crosses Clun Bridge comes back sharper than he went". Clun Mill located to the north of the town is nicknamed the "malevolent mill" on account of numerous deaths having been recorded there and occupants disappearing after purchasing it. Last used around 1920, it opened as a youth hostel in 1932.〔(Historic listing of YHA hostels )〕 In 1974 the freehold was purchased by the Youth Hostel Association. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clun」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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