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Codpiece
A codpiece (from , meaning "scrotum") is a covering flap or pouch that attaches to the front of the crotch of men's trousers and usually accentuates the genital area. It was held closed by string ties, buttons, or other methods. It was an important item of European clothing in the 15th and 16th centuries, and is still worn in the modern era in performance costumes, for rock music and metal musicians, and in the leather subculture, while an Athletic cup protects in a similar fashion.
==History==
From the ancient world there are extant depictions of the codpiece; for example, archaeological recovery at Minoan Knossos on Crete has yielded figurines, some of which wear a codpiece.〔C. Michael Hogan. 2007. (''Knossos fieldnotes'', Modern Antiquarian ).〕 Most of what is objectively known about the cut, fit, and materials of Renaissance clothing is learned from realistic portraits, clothing inventories, descriptive receipts for payments of artifacts, or tailors' cutting guides.〔Grace Q. Vicary, ''Cultural Anthropology'', Vol. 4, No. 1 (Feb., 1989), Visual Art as Social Data: The Renaissance Codpiece, pp. 3-25.〕 In the 14th century, men's hose were two separate legs worn over linen drawers, leaving a man's genitals covered only by a layer of linen. As the century wore on and men's hemlines rose, the hose became longer and joined at the centre back but remained open at the centre front. The shortening of the cote or doublet resulted in under-disguised genitals, so the codpiece began life as a triangular piece of fabric covering the gap.
As time passed, codpieces became shaped and padded to emphasize rather than to conceal, reaching their peak of size and decoration in the 1540s before falling out of use by the 1590s. Scholars have noted that the appearance of Renaissance codpiece was coincident with aggressive spread of syphilis in the early 16th century, and suggest that it may have first served to allow extra room in the clothing for bandages or other dressings for the afflicted male genitals.〔Grace Q. Vicary, ''Cultural Anthropology'', Vol. 4, No. 1 (Feb., 1989), Visual Art as Social Data: The Renaissance Codpiece, pp. 10-19.〕〔C. S. Reed, "Internal Medicine Journal", Vol 34, No. 12 (2004), The codpiece: social fashion or medical need?, pp. 684-686〕 Armor of the 16th century followed civilian fashion, and for a time armored codpieces were a prominent addition to the best full harnesses. A few of these are on display in museums today: the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City has one, as did the Higgins Armory〔John Grabenstein, http://www.higgins.org .〕 in Worcester, Massachusetts until its close; the armor〔David Edge, ''Arms and Armor of Medieval Knights: An Illustrated History of Weaponry in the Middle Ages''.〕 of Henry VIII in the Tower of London has a codpiece. In later periods, the codpiece became an object of the derision showered on outlandish fashions. Renaissance humorist François Rabelais jokingly refers to a book titled ''On the Dignity of Codpieces'' in the foreword to his book ''The Histories of Gargantua and Pantagruel''.
Through the same linguistic route, ''cods'' became a modern slang term for the male genitalia.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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