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In Greco-Roman geography, Colchis (; (グルジア語:კოლხეთი) ''Kolkheti''; Greek ''Kolkhis'', presumably from Kartvelian ''ḳolkheti'' or ''ḳolkha'') was the name for a region in the Southern Caucasus. Colchis was located on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, centered on present-day western Georgia. Around the 1st centuries BC and AD the land south of the Greater Caucasus and north of the Lesser Caucasus was divided between Kolchis in the west, Caucasian Iberia in the center and Caucasian Albania in the east. To the southwest was Armenia and to the southeast Atropatene. The Colchians were the population native to Colchis. They are assumed to have been early Kartvelian-speaking tribes, ancestral to the contemporary groups of Svans, Mingrelians and Lazs.〔Antiquity 1994. p. 359. (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia:Значение слова "Колхи" в Большой Советской Энциклопедии ); ''The Cambridge Ancient History'', John Anthony Crook, Elizabeth Rawson, p. 255〕 Ancestors of the Colchians were probably established on the Black Sea coast from as early as the Middle Bronze Age.〔David Marshal Lang, the Georgians, Frederich A. Praeger Publishers, New York, p 59〕 For centuries, until its annexation by Pontus in 164 BC, Colchis was an independent kingdom. This kingdom has been described in modern scholarship as "the earliest Georgian formation".〔CToumanoff. Cyril Toumanoff, Studies in Christian Caucasian History, p 69,84〕 Colchis (also known in late Antiquity as Lazica, or Egrisi) would later contribute significantly to the development of medieval Georgian statehood, alongside Iberia.〔David Braund, Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia, 550 BC-AD 562, Oxford University Press, USA (September 8, 1994)〕〔W.E.D. Allen, A history of the Georgian people (1932), p. 123〕 Colchis is also an important land in Greco-Roman mythology, most notably as the kingdom of Medea and the Golden fleece, destination of the Argonauts. ==Geography and toponyms== The kingdom of Colchis, Kolkhis〔Castles of God: Fortified Religious Buildings of the World, Peter Harrison p196〕〔Greek Tragedy, Nancy Sorkin Rabinowitz p151〕〔Dark of the Moon, Tracy Barrett p190〕〔Ancient Epic, Katherine Callen King ''The Argonautica before Appolonius''〕 or ''Qulha''〔The Pre-history of the Armenian People, Igor Mikhailovich Diakonov, p75〕〔Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 1, p1040〕〔Archaeology at the north-east Anatolian frontier, Claudia Sagona, p35〕 which existed from the c. 13th to the 1st centuries BC is regarded as an early ethnically Georgian polity; the name of the Colchians was used as the collective term for early Kartvelian tribes which populated the eastern coast of the Black Sea in Greco-Roman ethnography.〔Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia, 550 BC-AD 562, David Braund Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994. Pp. 359〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Colchis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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