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Coloradoite
Coloradoite, also known as mercury telluride (HgTe), is a rare telluride ore associated with metallic deposit (especially gold and silver). Gold usually occurs within tellurides (e.g. Coloradoite) as a high finess native-metal (Fadda et al., 2005).〔Fadda, S., Fiori, M., Silvana and Grillo, M. (2003) "Chemical variations in tetrahedrite - tennantite minerals from the Furtei epithermal Au deposit, Sardinia, Italy: Mineral zoning and ore fluids evolution". (2005), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Geochemistry, ''Mineralogy and Petrology''. 43. Sofia. p. 79.〕
The quest for mining led to the discovery of telluride ores which were found to be associated with metals. Tellurides are ingrown into ores containing these precious metals and are also responsible for a significant amount these metals being produced. Coloradoite is a member of the coordination subclass of tellurides is a covalent compound that is isostructural with sphalerite (ZnS) (Povarennykh, 1972).〔Povarennykh, A. S. ''Crystal Chemical classification of minerals''. (1972) Vol I, pp. 120–121〕 Its chemical properties are highly instrumental in distinguishing it from other tellurides. First discovered in Colorado in 1877, other deposits containing coloradoite have been discovered since then. Although it plays an important role in the geology of minerals, it can also be used for other purposes.
==Introduction==
Telluride ores occur mainly with metal deposits. In 1848, C.T. Jackson was the first to discover an American mineral containing the element tellurium in the Whitehall mine, in Spotsylvania County, near Frederickson, VA. (Kemp, 1898).〔Kemp, J. F. ''Geological occurrence and Associates of The Telluride Gold Ores: The Mining Industry, Its Statistics, Technology and Trade in the United States and Other Countries.'' (1989) Vol. 6, p. 296〕 Tellurides of gold were first discovered in 1782 in Transylvania and subsequently other telluride ores were found in other parts of the world (Mark and Scibird, 1908). The first discovery and description of coloradoite was by Frederick Augustus Genth in the Boulder veins of Colorado in 1877 (Kelly and Goddard, 1969)〔Kelly, William C. and Edwin N. Goddard. "Telluride Ores of Boulder County, Colorado". (1969) ''The Geological Society of America Inc. Memoir'' 109, pp. 79–80〕 and so named after the place of discovery. Other studies have reported its occurrence in other mines of the region and also in mines of the world's significant telluride locations. First classified in the 02 class of minerals by James Dana (Dana, 1904),〔Dana, E. S. ''The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana: 1837–1868; Descriptive Mineralogy''. (1904) 6th Edition.〕 its classification number is 02.08.02.05. It is also has a Strunz classification of 02.CB.05a, as a metal sulfide with gold, silver, iron, copper and other metals (Strunz and Nickel, 2001).〔Strunz, H., Nickel H. E., ''Strunz mineralogical tables: chemical-structural mineral classification system''. (2009) 9th Edition.〕
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