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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Commodity computing ： ウィキペディア英語版 Commodity computing Commodity computing, or commodity cluster computing, is the use of large numbers of already-available computing components for parallel computing, to get the greatest amount of useful computation at low cost. It is computing done in commodity computers as opposed to high-cost supermicrocomputers or boutique computers. Commodity computers are computer systems manufactured by multiple vendors, incorporating components based on open standards. Such systems are said to be based on commodity components, since the standardization process promotes lower costs and less differentiation among vendors' products. Standardization and decreased differentiation lower the switching or exit cost from any given vendor, increasing purchaser's leverage and preventing lock-in. A governing principle of commodity computing is that it is preferable to have more low-performance, low-cost hardware working in parallel (scalar computing) (e.g. AMD x86 CISC〔http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9154518/IBM_HP_servers_won_t_stop_x86_onslaught_on_Unix〕) than to have fewer high-performance, high-cost hardware〔http://research.google.com/pubs/DistributedSystemsandParallelComputing.html〕 (e.g. IBM POWER7 or Sun-Oracle's Sparc〔ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/common/ssi/pm/rg/n/poo03017usen/POO03017USEN.PDF〕 RISC). At some point, the number of discrete systems in a cluster will be greater than the mean time between failures (MTBF) for any hardware platform, no matter how reliable, so fault tolerance must be built into the controlling software.〔http://www.morganclaypool.com/doi/abs/10.2200/S00193ED1V01Y200905CAC006〕〔http://insidehpc.com/2008/06/02/google-fellow-sheds-some-light-on-infrastructure-robustness-in-face-of-failure〕 Purchases should be optimized on cost-per-unit-of-performance, not just absolute performance-per-CPU at any cost. == History == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Commodity computing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.