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CompStat—or COMPSTAT—(short for COMPuter STATistics) is a combination of management philosophy and organizational management tools for police departments named after the New York City Police Department's accountability process, and has since been implemented in many other departments. It's a dynamic approach to crime reduction, quality of life improvement, and personnel and resource management; whereby ranking police department executives identify spikes in crimes using comparative statistics, and address those spikes through the use of targeted enforcement. Originally, it was modeled after the "broken windows" theory, whereby minor crimes would be addressed in order to reduce major crimes. However, over time, its use evolved into a system whereby productivity was measured and individuals held accountable for such spikes in crime. Commercial entities began producing turnkey packages (including computer systems, software, mobile devices, and other implements) assembled under the heading of CompStat. The Geographic Information Systems allows departments to map crime, or other types of data, to aid in identifying and solving problems in their assigned area. The system is also in use in other major cities including Washington, DC,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= COMPSTAT )〕 Los Angeles,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= COMPSTAT )〕 Philadelphia,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ppdonline.org/hq_compstat.php ) 〕 Austin,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Chief's Monthly Reports )〕 San Juan, San Francisco,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SFPD CompStat )〕 Nashville,〔http://www.nashville.gov/Police-Department/Chief-of-Police/Strategic-Development/Crime-Analysis.aspx〕 Oakland, New Haven,〔http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/archives/entry/compstat_meeting/〕 and Baltimore, Maryland (where the system is shown in use in ''The Wire'' on HBO, though in the show it is referred to as "ComStat." In reality, Baltimore's real-life system is called Citistat.).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Baltimore CitiStat )〕 In 2007, then Governor of Maryland Martin O'Malley implemented the first statewide performance management system based on Compstat- Maryland StateStat. In Canada the CompStat system is currently in use by the Vancouver Police Department. ==Origins== CompStat was started by Jack Maple when he was a Transit police officer. The original Commanding officer of the Transit Police Crime Analysis Unit was Lieutenant Richard Vasconi. It was called ''Charts of the Future'' and was simple - it tracked crime through pins stuck in maps. Charts of the Future is credited with cutting subway crime by 27 percent. Chief of New York City Transit Police William J. Bratton was later appointed Police Commissioner by Rudolph Giuliani, and brought Maple's Charts of the Future with him. Not without a bit of struggle, he made the NYPD adopt it after it was rebranded as CompStat, and it was credited with bringing down crime by 60%. There was a CompStat meeting every month, and it was mandatory for police officials to attend. The year after CompStat was adopted, 1995, murders dropped to 1,181. By 2003, there were 596 murders—the lowest number since 1964. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「CompStat」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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