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The ''Confiteor'' (so named from its first word, or ''incipit'', in Latin, meaning "I confess" or "I acknowledge") is one of the prayers that can be said during the Penitential Act at the beginning of Mass of the Roman Rite in the Catholic Church. It is also said in the Lutheran Church at the beginning of their Divine Service, and by some Anglo-catholic Anglicans before Mass. The prayer is started by the Priest and ended by the people. ==History== :''This section summarizes information in the article ''(Confiteor )'' of the Catholic Encyclopedia'' While the original Eastern liturgies begin with a confession of sin made by the celebrant, the earliest records of the Roman Rite all describe the Mass as beginning at the Introit, but the celebrant may have used a Confiteor-like confession of sinfulness as one of the private prayers he said in the sacristy before he began Mass. Only in the 10th or 11th century is there any evidence of the preparation being made at the altar. Outside of Mass some prayers similar to the Confiteor appear earlier. The "Canonical Rule" of Chrodegang of Metz (d. 743) recommends: "First of all prostrate yourself humbly in the sight of God ... and pray Blessed Mary with the holy Apostles and Martyrs and Confessors to pray to the Lord for you." And Egbert of York (d. 766) gives a short form that is the germ of our present prayer: "Say to him to whom you wish to confess your sins: through my fault that I have sinned exceedingly in thought, word, and deed." In answer the confessor says almost exactly the Misereatur. The Confiteor is first found quoted as part of the introduction of the Mass in Bernold of Constance (d. 1100) in the form: ::Text in Latin : :"Confiteor Deo omnipotenti, :istis Sanctis et omnibus Sanctis :et tibi frater, :quia peccavi in cogitatione, :in locutione, in opere, :in pollutione mentis et corporis. :Ideo precor te, ora pro me." ::English translation : : I confess to almighty God, : to the saints, and to all the Saints, : and to thee, brother, : that I have sinned in thought, : in speech, in work, : in the purity of mind and of the body. : Therefore, I beseech you, pray for me." The Misereatur and Indulgentiam follow, the former slightly different, but the latter exactly as it was in the Tridentine Missal. The Tridentine form of the Confiteor is found in the 14th-century "Ordo Romanus XIV" with only a slight modification: :"Quia peccavi nimis cogitatione, :delectatione, consensu, verbo et opere" : "For I have sinned exceedingly in thought, : by delight, and by consent, by word and deed." and is found word for word in a decree of the Third Council of Ravenna (1314). However, the form, and especially the list of saints invoked, varied considerably in the Middle Ages. In many Missals it is shorter: "Confiteor Deo, beatae Mariæ, omnibus sanctis et vobis". In the Missal of Paul III (1534–1549) it is: :"Confiteor Deo omnipotenti, :B. Mariæ semper Virgini, :B. Petro et omnibus Sanctis et vobis Fratres, :quia peccavi, :meâ culpâ: :precor vos orare pro me". : I confess to almighty God, : to the Blessed Mary, ever virgin, : to the Blessed Peter and to all the Saints and unto you brothers : I have sinned, : my fault : I pray that you pray for me. " The Carthusian, Carmelite, and Dominican Offices, whose Missals, having existed for more than 200 years before 1570, were still allowed, had forms of Confiteor that differed from that in the Tridentine Missal. These three forms were quite short, and contained only one "mea culpa"; the Dominicans invoked, besides the Blessed Virgin, St. Dominic. Moreover, some other orders had the privilege of adding the name of their founder after that of St. Paul. The Franciscans for instance, inserted the name of St. Francis,〔(Catholic Encyclopedia: Rites )〕 and many Benedictine houses added the name of their founder, St. Benedict. The local patron was inserted at the same place in a few local uses. To what is here taken from the ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' one can add the text of an elaborate form of the ''Confiteor'' found in the ''Paenitentiale Vallicellanum II'', which has been attributed to the 9th century: :Confiteor Deo et beatae Mariae semper virgini, :et beati Michaeli archangelo et beato Iohanni baptistae :et sanctis apostolis Petro et Paulo :et beato Leutherio et Cassiano et beato Iuvenale :cum omnibus sanctis et tibi patri :mea culpa III vic., peccavi :per superbiam in multa mea mala iniqua et pessima cogitatione, :locutione, pollutione, sugestione, delectatione, consensu, verbo et opere, :in periurio, in adulterio, in sacrilegio, omicidio, furtu, falso testimonio, :peccavi visu, auditu, gustu, odoratu et tactu, :et moribus, vitiis meis malis. :Precor beatam Mariam semper virginem et omnibus sanctis :et isti sancti et te pater, :orare et intercedere per me peccatore Dominum nostrum Ies. Christum. : I confess to God and to blessed Mary ever-Virgin, : to blessed Michael the Archangel and blessed John the Baptist : and to the holy apostles Peter and Paul : and to blessed Leutherius and Cassian and blessed Juvenal : along with all the saints and you Father: : through my fault (''thrice'') I have sinned : by pride in my abundant evil iniquitous and heinous thought, : speech, pollution, suggestion, delectation, consent, word and deed, : in perjury, adultery, sacrilege, murder, theft, false witness, : I have sinned by sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch, : and in my behaviour, my evil vices. : I beg blessed Mary ever-Virgin and all the saints : and these saints〔The saints before whose relics confession is made〕 and you, Father, : to pray and intercede for me a sinner to our Lord Jesus Christ. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Confiteor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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