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''Corallorhiza'', the coralroot, is a genus of flowers in the orchid family. Except for the circumboreal ''C. trifida'',〔(Altervista Flora Italiana, Coralloriza, Yellow Coralroot, ''Corallorhiza trifida'' )〕 the genus is restricted to North America (including Mexico, Central America and the West Indies).〔〔(Flora of North America, ''Corallorhiza'', v 26 p 633 )〕〔Freudenstein, J. V. 1997. A monograph of ''Corallorhiza'' (Orchidaceae). Harvard Pap. Bot. 1(10): 5–51.〕〔Gagnebin, Abraham. 1755. Acta Helvetica, Physico-Mathematico-Anatomico-Botanico-Medica 2: 61.〕 Most species are parasitic, relying entirely upon mycorrhizal fungi within their coral-shaped rhizomes for sustenance. Because of this dependence on myco-heterotrophy, they cannot be successfully cultivated. Most species are leafless and rootless. They do not produce chlorophyll, and do not utilize photosynthesis. An exception is the yellowish green species ''Corallorhiza trifida'', which has some chlorophyll and is only partially dependent on its fungal associates for nutrition.〔Zimmer, K., et al. (2008). (The ectomycorrhizal specialist orchid ''Corallorhiza trifida'' is a partial myco-heterotroph. ) ''New Phytologist'' 178:2 395-400.〕 ==List of species== Many species names have been proposed that are now considered synonyms of other species, or members of other genera. Species accepted as members of ''Corallorhiza'' as of May 2014:〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕〔(Biota of North America Program )〕 # ''Corallorhiza bentleyi'' Freudenst. - Virginia, West Virginia # ''Corallorhiza bulbosa'' A.Rich. & Galeotti - Mexico, Guatemala # ''Corallorhiza ekmanii'' Mansf. - Haiti, Dominican Republic # ''Corallorhiza macrantha'' Schltr. - Puebla, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Guatemala # ''Corallorhiza maculata'' Raf. - widespread across much of Canada, the United States, Mexico and Guatemala # ''Corallorhiza mertensiana'' Bong. - Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Montana, Washington, Idaho, California, Wyoming # ''Corallorhiza odontorhiza'' (Willd.) Nutt. - eastern United States and Canada, from Texas to Florida, north to South Dakota, Ontario, Quebec and Maine # ''Corallorhiza striata'' Lindl. - much of Canada and Mexico; northern and western United States # ''Corallorhiza trifida'' Châtel - Canada; northern and western United States; widespread across Europe and Asia including Russia, China, Korea, the Himalayas, Ukraine, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom etc. # ''Corallorhiza williamsii'' Correll - Morelos, El Salvador # ''Corallorhiza wisteriana'' Conrad - Mexico and much of the United States 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Corallorhiza」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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