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:''The cotylae are also features on the proximal end of the radius and of the ulna in birds.'' In classical antiquity, the cotyla or cotyle (Gr ) was a measure of capacity among the Romans and Greeks: by the former it was also called ''hemina''; by the latter, and or . It was the half of the sextarius〔From the ''Carmen de ponderibus et mensuris'' we have the following: :"At cotylas, quas si placeat dixisse licebit :Eminas, recipit geminas sextarius unus"〕 or , and contained six cyathi, or nearly half a pint English. This measure was used by physicians with a graduated scale marked on it, like our own chemical measures, for measuring out given weights of fluids, especially oil. A vessel or horn, of a cubic or cylindrical shape, and of the capacity of a cotyla, was divided into twelve equal parts by lines cut on its side. The whole vessel was called ''litra'', and each of the parts an ounce (''uncia''). This measure held nine ounces (by weight) of oil, so that the ratio of the weight of the oil to the number of ounces it occupied in the measure would be 9:12 or 3:4.〔 Nicolas Chorier (1612-1692) observes that the cotyla was used as a dry measure as well as a liquid one, from the authority of Thucydides, who in one place mentions two cotylae of wine, and in another two cotylae of bread. The name is also given to a type of ancient Greek vase broadly similar in shape to a skyphos but more closely resembling a kantharos. ==References== ca:Llista d'unitats de volum de l'antiga Grècia#Kotyle 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cotyla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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