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Counterdependency
Counterdependency is the state of refusal of attachment, the denial of personal need and dependency, and may extend to the omnipotence and refusal of dialogue found in destructive narcissism, for example.〔(Brian Koehler, 'Ludwig Binswanger: Contributions to an Intersubjective Approach to Psychosis' )〕
==Developmental origins==
The roots of counterdependency can be found in the age-appropriate negativism of two-year-olds and teens,〔Robert M. Gordon, ''I Love You Madly!'' (2008) p. 89〕 where it serves the temporary purpose of distancing one from the parental figure(). As Selma Fraiberg put it, the two-year-old "says 'no' with splendid authority to almost any question addressed to him...as if he establishes his independence, his separateness from his mother, by being opposite".〔Selma H. Fraiberg, ''The Magic Years'' (1996) p. 64〕 Where the mother has difficulty accepting the child's need for active distancing,〔Margaret Mahler, ''The Psychological Birth of the Human Being'' (1975) p. 66〕 the child may remain stuck in the counterdependent phase of development because of developmental trauma.〔J. B. Weinhold et al, ''Breaking Free of the Co-Dependency Trap'' (2008) p. 6-7〕
In similar fashion, the teenager needs to be able to establish the fact of their separate mind to their parents,〔Patrick Casement, ''Further Learning from the Patient'' (1990) p. 94〕 even if only through a sustained state of cold rejection;〔Mavis Klein, ''Okay Parenting'' (1991) p. 108〕 and again unresolved adolescent issues can lead to a mechanical counterdependence and unruly assertiveness in later life.〔Edward O. De Barry, ''Theological Reflection'' (2003) p. 157〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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