|
The Courts of Denmark is the ordinary court system of the Kingdom of Denmark. The Courts of Denmark as an organizational entity was created with the Police and Judiciary Reform Act (Politi- og Domstolsreformen) taking effect 1 January 2007 which also significantly reformed the court system e.g. by removing original jurisdiction from the High Courts and by introducing a new jury system. The Courts of Denmark is composed of the ordinary courts consisting of the Supreme Court (Højesteret), the three high courts: the Western High Court (Vestre Landsret) the Eastern High Court (Østre Landsret), the High Court of Greenland (Grønlands Landsret), The Maritime and Commercial Court (Sø- og Handelsretten), The Court of Judicial Registration (Tinglysningsretten), The Special Court of Indictment and Revision (Den Særlige Klageret), the 24 district courts, the Court of the Faeroe Islands, The Court in Greenland and the four Greenlandic Circuit Courts. Part of the Courts of Denmark are also three boards: The Process Grating Board (Processbevillingsnævnet), The Sideline Employment Board and the Judicial Appointment Council. Finally the Danish Court Administation is vested with the joint administration of the whole organization. The courts of Greenland and the Faeroe Islands constitute semi-autonomous parts of the Courts of Denmark and are governed by separate but largely similar procedural codes. Outside the ordinary court system and the joint administration framework of the Courts of Denmark, a separate collective labour dispute court system exists and a number a of quasi-judicial bodies exist, some of which are exempt from judicial oversight. == The Courts of Justice == In accordance with Article 3 of the Danish Constitution, all judicial authority is vested in the courts of justice. The constitution also provides that only judges of the court may pass judgements, whereas parliamentary commissions may only investigate. The Danish system of courts is based on a unified structure, in which there are no special or constitutional courts of law, as well as no formal division within the courts. As a rule, all courts of law may adjudicate disputes in legal areas such as civil, labour, administrative, and constitutional law, as well as criminal justice. Judicial action against ministers and/or former ministers, in cases surrounding their dealings as minister, are however handled by a Court of Impeachment of the Realm (''Rigsretten''), composed of Supreme Court judges and members of parliament. The Court of Indictment and Revision (''Den Særlige Klageret'') handles complaints regarding procedure, disqualification of judges, etc. brought by the users of the courts, against the courts. Proceedings are oral in general and open to the public in the lower courts, and always oral in the Supreme Court. Media transmissions from within the court are prohibited, unless allowed by the presiding judge. The general structure of the judicial system is inspired by the traditions of continental Europe. The Administration of Justice Act of 1916 (''Lov om Rettens Pleje – Retsplejeloven''), the only Danish legal code, contains almost 1,000 articles, defining the administration and organisation of the courts, covering fields of both civil and criminal procedure.〔 The Act has undergone substantial changes since its enactment in 1916. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Courts of Denmark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|