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Cromer is a coastal town and civil parish on the north coast of the English county of Norfolk.〔Ordnance Survey, Explorer Sheet 252, Norfolk Coast East, ISBN 978-0-319-46726-8〕 It is north of the county town of Norwich and east of Sheringham on the North Sea coastline. The local government authority is North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is in Holt Road in the town. The civil parish has an area of and at the 2011 census had a population of 7,683.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Town population 2011 )〕 The town is notable as a traditional tourist resort and for the Cromer crab,〔(Cromer Crab )〕〔(Protection wanted for Cromer Crab )〕 which forms the major source of income for local fishermen. The motto ''Gem of the Norfolk Coast'' is highlighted on the town's road signs.〔(Gem of the Norfolk coast ). Retrieved 20 January 2010.〕 ==History== Cromer is not mentioned in the ''Domesday Book'' of 1086. The place-name 'Cromer' is first found in a will of 1262〔 and could mean 'Crows' mere or lake'.〔Eilert Ekwall, ''Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names'', p.131.〕 There are other contenders for the derivation, a north country word 'cromer' meaning 'a gap in the cliffs' or less likely a direct transfer from a Danish placename. It is reasonable to assume that the present site of Cromer, around the parish church of Saints Peter and Paul, is what was in 1337 called Shipden-juxta-Felbrigg, and by the end of the 14th century known as Cromer. A reference to a place called Crowemere Shipden can be seen in a legal record, dated 1422, (1 Henry VI), the home of John Gees.〔Plea Roll of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT1/H6/CP40no647/aCP40no647fronts/IMG_0135.htm; 4th complete entry, containing "Norff" in the margin.〕 The other Shipden is now about a quarter of a mile to the north east of the end of Cromer Pier, under the sea. Its site is marked by Church Rock, now no longer visible, even at a low spring tide. In 1888 a vessel struck the rock, and the rock was subsequently blown up for safety. Cromer became a resort in the early 19th century, with some of the rich Norwich banking families making it their summer home. Visitors included the future King Edward VII, who played golf here. The resort's facilities included the late-Victorian Cromer Pier, which is home to the Pavilion Theatre. In 1883 the London journalist Clement Scott went to Cromer and began to write about the area. He named the stretch of coastline, particularly the Overstrand and Sidestrand area, "Poppyland",〔''Poppyland - Strands of Norfolk History'', Stibbons and Cleveland, Pub: Poppyland Publishing, Fourth ed. 2001, ISBN 0-946148-56-2〕 and the combination of the railway and his writing in the national press brought many visitors. The name "Poppyland" referred to the numerous poppies which grew (and still grow) at the roadside and in meadows. Cromer suffered several bombing raids during the Second World War. Shortly after one raid, Cromer featured as the location for an episode of "An American In England", written by Norman Corwin with the narrator staying in the ''Red Lion Hotel''〔(The Red Lion Hotel ). Retrieved 3 April 2010.〕 and retelling several local accounts of life in the town at wartime. The radio play first aired in the USA on 1 December 1942 on the CBS/Columbia Workshop programme starring Joe Julian. The account mentions some of the effects of the war on local people and businesses and the fact that the town adopted a minesweeper, HMS Cromer, a Bangor class minesweeper.〔(An American In England: Cromer )〕 On 5 December 2013 the town was affected by a storm surge which caused significant damage to the town's pier and seafront.〔(EDP report ) Retrieved 9 December 2013〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cromer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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