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Crosspool is a suburb of the City of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, located west of the city centre. It is a Middle class residential area〔''"Approach To Urban Sociology"'', Peter H. Mann, ISBN 0-7100-3453-9 Page 91 Calls Crosspool a “Middle Class Residential Suburb”.〕 in an elevated position above the Porter and Rivelin valleys and stands at around 200 metres above sea level. Crosspool is situated on the A57 road (Manchester Road) and is the last suburb on that highway before the City boundary and open countryside is reached. ==History== The area of Crosspool is a fairly recent creation, and unlike some Sheffield suburbs Crosspool does not have any ancient history as a village stretching back over the centuries. W. Fairbank’s ''“Map of the Parish of Sheffield in the County of York”'' published in 1795 shows it as a thinly populated unnamed area sprinkled with a few buildings. From the early centuries AD the Long Causeway ancient track passed through the area, this originated in Roman times as a highway connecting the forts at Templeborough and Buxton and continued in later centuries as a packhorse route.〔''"Historic Hallamshire"'', David Hey, ISBN 1-84306-049-3 Gives details of Long Causeway and Hallamshire Chase.〕 Throughout Medieval times the area was part of a deer hunting park known as Hallamshire Chase. This was an area of thousands of acres set aside for the Lords of Hallamshire after the Norman conquest of England.〔 Lydgate Hall was one of the earliest substantial buildings in the area as it existed in the early 1700s although it was substantially altered and extended in the early 19th century. It was the home of the steel magnate Horation Bright (1827–1905) for the last 30 years of his life. The Hall was eventually demolished in the 1930s being replaced by housing on Lydgate Hall Crescent. Although there was never a Crosspool village, the area was strategically placed as two roads left Sheffield through the area and there was a toll gate as well as inns and a blacksmiths to serve the traveller. The main industry in the 18th and 19th century was farming although there was also extensive quarrying. The presence of several natural pools gave the area its name in the 1800s as travellers on the turnpike roads were said to have “crossed the pools” when they had passed through the neighbourhood and the name of Crosspool developed. The A57 road was built in 1820 and tolls were phased out in 1884 but housing development in the area was delayed because of Crosspool’s elevated position which developers thought would deter people from settling in the area. Housing development eventually started in the 1880s but full scale building did not take place until after the First World War. In 1913 Crosspool became the first area of Sheffield to receive a public transport service by bus as the Sheffield Tramway did not extend to the suburb. Crosspool suffered some bomb damage during the Second World War when bombs were dropped on Den Bank, Shore Lane, Sandygate Road and Ringstead Crescent.〔''"Cross pool (Images of England)"'', Judith Hanson, ISBN 0-7524-2821-7 Gives detailed history.〕〔''"Crookes Revisited"'', Crookes Local History Group, ISBN 0-9508064-1-2 Gives general history.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crosspool」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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