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The Cucujidae, "flat bark beetles," are a family of distinctively flat beetles found worldwide (except Africa and Antarctica) under the bark of dead trees. The family has received considerable taxonomic attention in recent years and now consists of 59 species distributed in four genera.〔C. F. Lee and A. Pütz. (2008) A new species of ''Cucujus'' Fabricius, 1775 from China and key to the east–Palaearctic species of the genus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 118 (5): 211–213.〕〔C. F. Lee and M. Satô. (2007) A Review of the Genus ''Cucujus'' Fabricius (Insecta: Cucujoidea: Cucujidae) from Taiwan, Japan, and China, with Descriptions of Two New Species and the Larvae of ''Cucujus mniszechi'' Grouvelle. Zoological Studies 46: 311–321.〕〔Teresa Bonacci, Antonio Mazzei, Jakub Horákand, and Pietro Brandmayr. 2012. ''Cucujus tulliae'' sp. n. – an endemic Mediterranean saproxylic beetle from genus ''Cucujus'' Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera, Cucujidae), and keys for identification of adults and larvae native to Europe. Zookeys. 2012; (212): 63–79.〕〔John W. M. Marris and Adam Ślipiński. 2014. A revision of the ''Pediacus'' Shuckard 1839 (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) of Asia and Australasia. Zootaxa 3754(1): 32–58.〕〔Michael C. Thomas. 2004. A revision of ''Pediacus'' Shuckard (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) for America north of Mexico, with notes on other species. Insecta Mundi 17: 157–177 (2003).〕〔J. C. Watt, J. W. M. Marris and J. Klimazsewski. 2001. A new species of ''Platisus'' (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) from New Zealand, described from the adult and larva. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 31: 327–339.〕 Included genera are: ''Cucujus'' Fabricius, with 14 species and subspecies distributed throughout the Holarctic; ''Palaestes'' Perty, 8 spp., Neotropical; ''Pediacus'' Shuckard, 31 spp., mostly Holarctic, but extending south into the Neotropics and to Australia; and ''Platisus'' Erichson, 5 spp. in Australia and New Zealand. Cucujidae have elongate parallel-side bodies ranging from 6 to 25 mm in length. Most are brown colored, while others are black, reddish or yellow. Heads are triangular in shape, with filiform to moniliform antennae of 11 antennomeres, and large mandibles. The pronotum is narrower than the head.〔Michael C. Thomas and R.A.B. Leschen. 2010. Cucujidae Latreille, 1802. p. 350-354. In: Leschen, R.A.B., R.G. Beutel, and J.F. Lawrence. Coleoptera, Beetles. Vol. 2: Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim). Handbook of Zoology. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.〕 Both larvae and adults live under bark, otherwise little is known of their habits. Larvae appear to be predacious 〔D. B. Smith and M. K. Sears. 1982. Mandibular structure and feeding habits of three morphologically similar coleopterous larvae: ''Cucujus clavipes'' (Cucujidae), ''Dendroides canadensis'' (Pyrochroidae), and ''Pytho depressus'' (Salpingidae). Canadian Entomologist 114: 173–175.〕 The family was formerly larger, with subfamilies Laemophloeinae, Silvaninae, and Passandrinae (and some tenebrionoid genera mixed in), but recent revisions have raised the subfamilies to family status.〔 == Species with extreme freezing tolerance == ''Cucujus clavipes puniceus'' (red flat bark beetle) found in arctic regions like Canada and Alaska 〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Alaska beetles survive 'unearthly' temperatures )〕 desiccates to 30–40% body water in winter vs 4% body water in the chironomid fly, ''Polypedilum vanderplanki''. It uses a variety of anti-freeze proteins in contrast with the non-protein xylomannan exploited by another arctic beetle ''Upis ceramboides''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cucujidae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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