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''Coryphantha'' (from Greek, "flowering on the top"), or beehive cactus, is a genus of small to middle-sized, globose or columnar cacti. The genus is native to arid parts of Central America, Mexico, through Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas and north into southwestern, central, and southeastern Montana. With its two subgenera, 57 species and 20 subspecies, it is one of the largest genera of cactus.〔Dicht, Reto F. and Lüthy, Adrian D. (2005) ''Coryphantha: Cacti of Mexico and Southern USA''. Springer, Berlin, p. 1, ISBN 3-540-22306-1〕 There are four characteristics that distinguish ''Coryphantha'' from other cacti. # Their bodies do not have ribs, just tubercles.〔Dicht, Reto F. and Lüthy, Adrian D. (2005) "3.2 Tubercles" ''Coryphantha: Cacti of Mexico and Southern USA''. Springer, Berlin, pp. 9–12, ISBN 3-540-22306-1〕 # The flowers form at the top of the plant (the apex or growing end of the stem).〔 # The tip (podarium) of each flowering tubercle has three parts, the spiny areole, the groove and the axil. Without the groove it is not a ''Coryphantha''.〔 # The seed coat (or testa) has a net-like pattern (reticulate).〔Dicht, Reto F. and Lüthy, Adrian D. (2005) "3.7 Seeds" ''Coryphantha: Cacti of Mexico and Southern USA''. Springer, Berlin, (p. 17-20 ), ISBN 3-540-22306-1〕 More than many other cacti, the ''Coryphantha'' change in their appearance over their lifespan.〔Dicht, Reto F. and Lüthy, Adrian D. (2005) ''Coryphantha: Cacti of Mexico and Southern USA''. Springer, Berlin, p. 2, ISBN 3-540-22306-1〕 The presence or absence of a central spine is not indicative of the genus, even in fully adult plants.〔 ==Name== The name ''Coryphantha'' was first applied by Engelmann in 1856 as a subgenus,〔Anderson, Edward F. (2001) "Coryphantha" ''The Cactus Family''. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, (p. 186 ), ISBN 0-88192-498-9〕 the earlier name ''Aulacothele'' of Lemaire having been abandoned.〔Dicht, Reto F. and Lüthy, Adrian D. (2005) ''Coryphantha: Cacti of Mexico and Southern USA''. Springer, Berlin, (p. 23 ), ISBN 3-540-22306-1〕 In 1868 Lemaire promoted the group to genus level.〔〔 Before this all ''Coryphantha'' had been classified as ''Mammillaria''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Coryphantha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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