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Curitiba (Tupi: "Pine Nut Land", (:kuɾiˈtʃibɐ)) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Paraná. The city's population numbered approximately 1,879,355 people as of 2015, making it the eighth most populous city in the country, and the largest in Brazil's South Region. The Curitiba Metropolitan area comprises 26 municipalities with a total population of over 3.2 million (IBGE estimate in 2010),〔() 〕 making it the seventh most populous in the country. Curitiba is an important cultural, political, and economic centre in Latin America.〔(Curitiba )〕 The city sits on a plateau at above sea level. It is located west of the seaport of Paranaguá and is served by the Afonso Pena International and Bacacheri airports. The city hosts the Federal University of Paraná, established in 1912. In the 1700s Curitiba possessed a favorable location between cattle-breeding country and marketplaces, leading to a successful cattle trade and the city's first major expansion. Later, between 1850 and 1950, it grew due to logging and agricultural expansion in the Paraná State (first Araucaria logging, later mate and coffee cultivation and in the 1970s wheat, corn and soybean cultivation). In the 1850s waves of European immigrants arrived in Curitiba, mainly Germans, Italians, Poles and Ukrainians, contributing to the city's economic and cultural development. Nowadays, only smaller numbers of foreign immigrants arrive, primarily from Middle Eastern and other Latin American countries. The biggest expansion occurred after the 1960s, with innovative urban planning that changed the population size from some hundreds of thousands to more than a million people. Curitiba's economy is based on industry and services and is the fourth largest in Brazil. Economic growth occurred in parallel to a substantial inward flow of Brazilians from other cities of the country, as approximately half of the city's population was not born in Curitiba. Curitiba sports one of the few high Brazilian Human Development Index readings at 0.856, and in 2010 was awarded the Global Sustainable City Award, given to cities and municipalities that excel in sustainable urban development. According to US magazine ''Reader's Digest'', Curitiba is the best "Brazilian Big City" in which to live.〔 〕 Curitiba was one of the host cities of the 1950 FIFA World Cup, and again for the 2014 FIFA World Cup. ==Name== One theory is that the name "Curitiba" comes from the Tupi words ''kurí tyba'', "many pine seeds" due to the large number of pinecones of Paraná pines in the region prior to its founding.〔Fenianos, E. (2003) ''Almanaque Kur'yt'yba'', Curitiba: Univer Cidade, p.6〕 Another version, also using words from the Tupi language, is that it originates in the combination of ''kurit'' (pine tree) and ''yba'' (large amount). The Portuguese who founded a settlement on the site in 1693 named it "Vila da Nossa Senhora da Luz dos Pinhais" (Village of "Our Lady of the Light" of the Pines). The name was changed to "Curitiba" in 1721. Curitiba officially became a town in 1812, spelling its name as "Curityba." An alternative spelling is "Coritiba." This was used in press and state documents. A state decree in 1919 settled the dispute by adopting "Curitiba."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Curitiba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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