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Cymothoidae
The Cymothoidae are a family of isopods in the order Cymothoida and are found in both marine and freshwater environments. Cymoithoids are ectoparasites, usually of fish, and among their number they include the bizarre "tongue-biter" (''Cymothoa exigua'') which attaches to a fish's tongue causing it to atrophy, and replaces the tongue with its own body. Around 40 genera and more than 380 species of cymothoid are recognised. ==Characteristics== Cymothoids exhibit various adaptations to their carnivorous and parasitic lifestyles. As juveniles they are not specific in their requirements and attach themselves temporarily to the skin of any fish. They produce anticoagulants and suck the fish's blood. They detach from their first host and later find another host. When they have found the correct species of fish for their adult development, they attach more permanently. As adults, most species require a particular host species and are also site-specific. Locations for attachment chosen by different species of parasite include the skin, the fins, the gills and the mouth, and some species bore into muscle.〔
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