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Cyparissus
In Greek mythology, Cyparissus or Kyparissos (Greek: Κυπάρισσος, "cypress") was a boy beloved by Apollo, or in some versions by other deities. In the best-known version of the story, the favorite companion of Cyparissus was a tamed stag, which he accidentally killed with his hunting javelin as it lay sleeping in the woods. The boy's grief was such that it transformed him into a cypress tree, a classical symbol of mourning. The myth is thus aetiological in explaining the relation of the tree to its cultural significance.
Cyparissus was the son of Telephus, and his story is set in Chios. The subject is mainly known from Hellenized Latin literature and frescoes from Pompeii.〔Cedric G. Boulter and Julie L. Bentz, "Fifth-Century Attic Red Figure at Corinth," ''Hesperia'' 49.4 (October 1980), pp. 295-308. The authors present a possible identification of Cyparissus on a fragment of a Corinthian pot, No. 36, p. 306. The frescoes in the Pompeiian Fourth Style are discussed by Andreas Rumpf, "Kyparissos", ''Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts'' 63/64 (1948–49), pp. 83–90.〕 No Greek hero cult devoted to Cyparissus has been identified.
==As initiation myth==
The myth of Cyparissus, like that of Hyacinthus, has often been interpreted as reflecting the social custom of pederasty in ancient Greece, with the boy the beloved ''(eromenos)'' of Apollo. Pederastic myth represents the process of initiation into adult male life,〔Bernard Sergent, ''Homosexualité dans la mythologie grecque'', 1984 (Chapter 2), with an introduction by Georges Dumézil, whose lead Sergent follows.〕 with a "death" and transfiguration for the ''eromenos.'' "In all these tales," notes Karl Kerenyi, "the beautiful boys are doubles of Apollon himself."〔Karl Kerenyi, ''The Gods of the Greeks'' (Thames and Hudson, 1951), p. 140.〕
The stag as a gift from Apollo reflects the custom in Archaic Greek society of the older male ''(erastēs)'' giving his beloved an animal, an act often alluded to in vase painting.〔Gifts of animals from the ''erastes'' are discussed as they appear in Attic vase-painting by Gundel Koch-Harnack, ''Knabenliebe und Tiergeschenke: Ihre Bedeutung im päderastischen Erziehungssystem Athens'' (Berlin 1983).〕 In the initiatory context, the hunt is a supervised preparation for the manly arts of war and a testing ground for behavior, with the stag embodying the gift of the hunter's prey.〔Koch-Harnack, ''Knabenliebe und Tiergeschenke''.〕
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