|
''Cyphomandra'' was a genus in the flowering plant family Solanaceae (the nightshades and relative). It used to contain about 35 species native to countries of the Americas from Mexico southwards to Northern Argentina.〔Bohs (1988, 1994)〕 Recent authors have treated ''Cyphomandra'' as a clade within the genus ''Solanum'' rather than as a separate genus, uniting the members of the old genus with some other ''Solanum''. This lineage is one among a group related to part of the traditional subgenus ''Leptostemonum''. Thus, if is preferred to retain the taxon, ''Cyphomandra'' is probably best considered a section in ''Solanum'' subgenus ''Leptostemonum''.〔Bohs (1995), Solanaceae Source ()〕 Most grow as shrubs or small trees 2 or 3 metres in height. The best known species is the widely cultivated Tamarillo or tree tomato, but a number of the others are also cultivated as garden plants because of their attractive flowers or fruits. Several other species (e.g. ''S. cajanumense, S. circinatum, S. sibundoyense'') also have fruits that are edible when ripe, and yet others are used as dyestuffs or in folk medicine where they are native.〔Bohs (1989)〕 ==Species== Species contained in the ''Cyphomandra'' clade, with their former specific epithets cited if they have significantly changed when moving to ''Solanum'', are:〔Solanaceae Source ()〕 * ''Solanum allophyllum'' (Miers) Standl. * ''Solanum amotapense'' Svenson (= ''Cyphomandra villosa'' Steyerm.) * ''Solanum betaceum'' – Tamarillo (= ''Cyphomandra crassicaulis''(?), ''C. crassifolia'' (Ortega) J.F.Macbr., ''C. crassifolia'' (Ortega) Kuntze, ''C. procera'' Wawra) * ''Solanum cacosmum'' Bohs (''Cyphomandra foetida'' Bohs) * ''Solanum cajanumense'' (= ''Cyphomandra casana'' A.Child) * ''Solanum calidum'' Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra pilosa'' Bohs) * ''Solanum circinatum'' Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra artocarpophylla'' H.J.P.Winkl., ''C. costaricencis'' Donn.Sm., ''C. dendroidea'' Pittier, ''C. dolichorhachis'' Bitter, ''C. hartwegii'' (Miers) Walp., ''C. hartwegii'' ssp. ''ramosa'' Bohs, ''C. heterophylla'' Donn.Sm., ''C. holtonii'' Hochr., ''C. kalbreyeri'' Bitter, ''C. mollicella'' Standl., ''C. naranjilla'' Pittier, ''C. splendens'' Dunal in DC.) * ''Solanum confusum'' C.V.Morton (= ''Cyphomandra adelpha'' (C.V.Morton) A.Child) * ''Solanum corymbiflorum'' (Sendtn.) Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra kleinii'' L.B.Sm. & Downs, ''C. macrophylla'' L.B.Sm. & Downs, ''C. mortoniana'' L.B.Sm. & Down, ''C. patrum'' L.B.Sm. & Downs) * ''Solanum cylindricum'' Vell. (= ''Cyphomandra elliptica'' (Vell.) Sendtn. in Mart., ''C. subhastata'' (L.B.Sm. & Downs) A.Child) * ''Solanum diploconos'' (Mart.) Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra floribunda'' (Miers) Dunal in DC., ''C. fragrans'' (Hook.) Sendtn. in Mart., ''C. piperoides'' Dunal in DC.) * ''Solanum diversifolium'' Dunal (= ''Cyphomandra campanulata'' Moritz ex Steyerm. & Huber, ''C. caracasana'' (Roem. & Schult.) Sendtn., ''C. caudata'' Standl., ''C. chlorantha'' Rusby, ''C. meridensis'' Steyerm. & Rojas) * ''Solanum endopogon'' (Bitter) Bohs * ''Solanum exiguum'' (= ''Cyphomandra benensis'' Britton) * ''Solanum fallax'' (= ''Cyphomandra betacea'' var. ''velutina'' Dunal in DC., ''C. hypomalaca'' Bitter) * ''Solanum fortunense'' (= ''Cyphomandra dolichocarpa'' Bitter) * ''Solanum fusiforme'' L.B.Sm. & Downs * ''Solanum glaucophyllum'' Desf. * ''Solanum hibernum'' Bohs * ''Solanum hutchisonii'' (J.F.Macbr.) Bohs * ''Solanum latiflorum'' (= ''Cyphomandra calycina'' Sendtn., ''C. calycina'' var. ''rufescens'' Dunal in DC.) * ''Solanum luridifuscescens'' Bitter (= ''Cyphomandra glaberrima'' Dusén, ''C. velutina'' Sendtn. in Mart.) * ''Solanum luteoalbum'' * ''Solanum mapiriense'' Bitter (= ''Cyphomandra phytolaccoides'' (Rusby) A.Child) * ''Solanum maranguapense'' Bitter * ''Solanum matadori'' Smith & Downs * ''Solanum maternum'' Bohs * ''Solanum melissarum'' (= ''Cyphomandra capsicoides'' (Miers) Walp., ''C. ciliata'' (Miers) Walp., ''C. divaricata'' (Mart.) Sendtn., ''C. divaricata'' var. ''flexipes'' Sendtn. in Mart., ''C. divaricata'' var. ''herbacea'' Sendtn. in Mart., ''C. laxiflora'' Dunal in DC., ''C. oxyphylla'' Dunal in DC.) * ''Solanum morellifolium'' Bohs * ''Solanum obliquum'' Ruiz & Pav. (= ''Cyphomandra brachypodia'' Sendtn., ''C. coriacea'' (Miers) Walp., ''C. obliqua'' (Ruiz & Pav.) Sendtn., ''C. ulei'' Bitter) * ''Solanum occultum'' Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra stellata'' Bohs) * ''Solanum ovum-fringillae'' * ''Solanum oxyphyllum'' C.V.Morton (= ''Cyphomandra fragilis'' Bohs) * ''Solanum paralum'' (= ''Cyphomandra heterophylla'' Taub.) * ''Solanum pelagicum'' Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra cornigera'' Dunal in DC., ''C. maritima'' L.B.Sm. & Downs) * ''Solanum pendulum'' Ruiz & Pav. (= ''Cyphomandra arborea'' H.J.P.Winkl., ''C. subcordata'' Rusby) * ''Solanum pinetorum'' (= ''Cyphomandra angustifolia'' L.B.Sm. & Downs, ''C. hispida'' L.B.Sm. & Downs) * ''Solanum premnifolium'' (Miers) Bohs * ''Solanum proteanthum'' Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra oblongifolia'' Bohs) * ''Solanum rojasianum'' (Standl. & Steyerm.) Bohs * ''Solanum roseum'' (= ''Cyphomandra acuminata'' Rusby) * ''Solanum sciadostylis'' (Sendtn.) Bohs (= ''Cyphomandra reitzii'' L.B.Sm. & Downs) * ''Solanum sibundoyense'' * ''Solanum stuckertii'' Bitter * ''Solanum sycocarpum'' (= ''Cyphomandra lobata'' Sendtn. in Mart.) * ''Solanum tegore'' Aubl. (= ''Cyphomandra tejore'' Sendtn. ex Walp.) * ''Solanum tenuisetosum'' (Bitter) Bohs * ''Solanum tobagense'' (= ''Cyphomandra bolivarensis'' Steyerm.) * ''Solanum unilobum'' (Rusby) Bohs 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyphomandra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|