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''Cyprinodon'' is a genus of small pupfishes found in fresh, brackish and salt water. The genus is primarily found in Mexico, the Caribbean Islands and southern United States (Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas), but ''C. variegatus'' occurs as far north as Massachusetts and along the entire Gulf of Mexico coastline, ''C. artifrons'' occurs in Belize, and ''C. dearborni '' and ''C. variegatus'' are found in northern South America. While most species have separate distributions, six (''C. beltrani'', ''C. labiosus'', ''C. maya'', ''C. simus'', ''C. suavium'' and ''C. verecundus'') are endemic in Lake Chichancanab in Quintana Roo, Mexico,〔Contreras Balderas, S., and W. Bussing (2013). ''(Yucatan )''. Freshwater Ecoregions of the World. Retrieved 1 March 2013.〕 and two (''C. brontotheroides'' and ''C. desquamator'') are endemic to the hypersaline lakes on San Salvador Island in the Bahamas.〔Martin, C. H., and P. C. Wainwright (2013). ''Multiple Fitness Peaks on the Adaptive Landscape Drive Adaptive Radiation in the Wild.'' Science 339(6116): 208-211.〕 Most species in the genus have very small distributions and many are seriously threatened. ''C. ceciliae'', ''C. inmemoriam'', ''C. latifasciatus'' and an undescribed species popularly known as the "Perrito de Sandia" are already extinct, while ''C. alvarezi'' and ''C. longidorsalis'' only survive in captivity. ''Cyprinodon'' are small; the largest reaches in length and most other species only reach half that. ==Species== There are currently 49 recognized species in this genus:〔〔 * ''Cyprinodon albivelis'' W. L. Minckley & R. R. Miller, 2002 (Whitefin pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon alvarezi'' R. R. Miller, 1976 (Potosi pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon arcuatus'' W. L. Minckley & R. R. Miller, 2002 (Santa Cruz pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon artifrons'' C. L. Hubbs, 1936 (Yucatán pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon atrorus'' R. R. Miller, 1968 (Bolson pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon beltrani'' Álvarez, 1949 (Blackfin pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon bifasciatus'' R. R. Miller, 1968 (Cuatro Cienegas pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon bobmilleri'' Lozano-Vilano & Contreras-Balderas, 1999 (San Ignacio pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon bondi'' G. S. Myers, 1935 (Hispaniola pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon bovinus'' S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853 (Leon Springs pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon brontotheroides'' C. H. Martin & Wainwright, 2013 (Durophage pupfish)〔Martin, C.H. & Wainwright, P.C. (2013): (A Remarkable Species Flock of ''Cyprinodon Pupfishes'' Endemic to San Salvador Island, Bahamas ). ''Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 54 (2): 231–240.''〕 * ''Cyprinodon ceciliae'' Lozano-Vilano & Contreras-Balderas, 1993 (Villa Lopez pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon dearborni'' Meek, 1909 * ''Cyprinodon desquamator'' C. H. Martin & Wainwright, 2013 (Scale-eating pupfish)〔 * ''Cyprinodon diabolis'' Wales, 1930 (Devil's Hole pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon elegans'' S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853 (Comanche Springs pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon eremus'' R. R. Miller & Fuiman, 1987 (Sonoyta pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon esconditus'' Strecker, 2002 (Hidden pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon eximius'' Girard, 1859 (Conchos pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon fontinalis'' M. L. Smith & R. R. Miller, 1980 (Carbonera pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon higuey'' C. M. Rodriguez & M. L. Smith, 1990 (Black-and-blue Pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon hubbsi'' Carr, 1936 (Lake Eustis minnow) * ''Cyprinodon inmemoriam'' Lozano-Vilano & Contreras-Balderas, 1993 (Charco Azul pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon julimes'' De la Maza-Benignos & Vela-Valladares, 2009 (Julimes pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon labiosus'' Humphries & R. R. Miller, 1981 (Thicklip pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon laciniatus'' C. L. Hubbs & R. R. Miller, 1942 (Bahama pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon latifasciatus'' Garman, 1881 (Parras pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon longidorsalis'' Lozano-Vilano & Contreras-Balderas, 1993 (La Palma pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon macrolepis'' R. R. Miller, 1976 (Largescale pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon macularius'' S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853 (Desert pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon maya'' Humphries & R. R. Miller, 1981 (Maya pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon meeki'' R. R. Miller, 1976 (Mezquital pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon nazas'' R. R. Miller, 1976 (Nazas pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis'' C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889 * * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis amargosae'' R. R. Miller, 1948 (Amargosa River pupfish) * * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis calidae'' R. R. Miller, 1948 (Tecopa pupfish) * * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes'' R. R. Miller, 1948 (Ash Meadows pupfish) * * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis nevadensis'' C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889 (Amargosa pupfish) * * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis'' R. R. Miller, 1948 (Warm Springs pupfish) * * ''Cyprinodon nevadensis shoshone'' R. R. Miller, 1948 (Shoshone pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon nichollsi'' M. L. Smith, 1989 (Jaragua pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon pachycephalus'' W. L. Minckley & C. O. Minckley, 1986 (Bighead pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon pecosensis'' A. A. Echelle & A. F. Echelle, 1978 (Pecos pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon pisteri'' R. R. Miller & W. L. Minckley, 2002 (Palomas pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon radiosus'' R. R. Miller, 1948 (Owens pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon riverendi'' (Poey, 1860) (synonym: ''Cyprinodon jamaicensis'', Fowler, 1939) * ''Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis'' Fowler, 1916 (Red River pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon salinus'' R. R. Miller, 1943 * * ''Cyprinodon salinus milleri'' LaBounty & Deacon, 1972 (Cottonball marsh pupfish) * * ''Cyprinodon salinus salinus'' R. R. Miller, 1943 (Death Valley pupfish, Salt Creek pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon salvadori'' Lozano-Vilano, 2002 (Bocochi pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon simus'' Humphries & R. R. Miller, 1981 (Boxer pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon suavium'' Strecker, 2005 * ''Cyprinodon tularosa'' R. R. Miller & A. A. Echelle, 1975 (White Sands pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon variegatus'' (Lacépède, 1803) * * ''Cyprinodon variegatus baconi'' Breder, 1932 * * ''Cyprinodon variegatus ovinus'' (Mitchill, 1815) * * ''Cyprinodon variegatus variegatus'' (Lacépède, 1803) (Sheepshead minnow) * ''Cyprinodon verecundus'' Humphries, 1984 (Largefin pupfish) * ''Cyprinodon veronicae'' Lozano-Vilano & Contreras-Balderas, 1993 (Charco Palma pupfish) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyprinodon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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