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Cytorus (Greek Κύτωρος, Kytoros;〔In the passage cited below, Homer uses the accusative case form Κύτωρον. Murray and also Richmond Lattimore translate this as if it is from the masculine Κύτωρος rather than the neuter Κύτωρον. Apollonius of Rhodes also uses only the ambiguous accusative case; but Strabo uses the nominative form τὸ Κύτωρον. The (EUSTATHIUS THESSALONICENSIS EPISCOPUS INDEX IN EUSTATHII COMMENTARIOS IN HOMERII ILIADEM ET ODYSSEAM ) gives both Κύτωρος and Κύτωρον. In line 13 of the 4th ''carmen'', Catullus addresses ''Cytore buxifer,'' using the vocative case of ''Cytorus.'' (The text is available from the (Perseus Project ).)〕 also Cytorum, Κύτωρον, Kytoron) was a settlement on the northern coast of Asia Minor. Mentioned by Homer, Cytorus survives in the name of Gideros, which is both * a bay of the Black Sea and * the adjacent neighbourhood (''mahalle'') of the village of Kalafat in the district (''ilçe'') of Cide in the Kastamonu Province of Turkey. Gideros is 12 km west of the town of Cide, 15 km east of Kurucaşile.〔Article "Gideros" in 〕 Possibly the name of Cide itself is derived from Cytorus.〔Article "Cide" in the cited work of Umar. 〕 In giving the Trojan battle order in Book 2 of the Iliad, Homer mentions Cytorus and Sesamon as Paphlagonian settlements, along with others around the river Parthenius, today's Bartın River.〔In the Loeb Classical Library translation of Homer's Iliad by A. T. Murray (first published 1924), lines 2.851–5, available from the (Perseus Project ), read thus:
The reference, along with the references below to Strabo and Apollonius of Rhodes, is given in the cited work of Umar. 〕 Sesamon is today's Amasra. This town was Amastris for Strabo, who writes of its founding through a union of Cytorus, Sesamon, and two other settlements. He reports that Cytorus was the marketplace of Sinope and was a source for boxwood. He derives the name of Cytorus (he uses the neuter Cytorum) from Cytorus, a son of Phryxus and therefore one of the Argonauts.〔In the 1924 translation by H. L. Jones of the Geography of Strabo, apparently from the Loeb Classical Library and available from the (Perseus Project ), paragraph 12.3.10 reads:
〕 In the Argonautica, Apollonius of Rhodes mentions the settlement of Cytorus and related places in describing the voyage of the Argo. Unlike Strabo, he does not mention Cytorus as a son of Phryxus. Apollonius does apparently place Cytorus where Gideros Bay is today, between the Bartın River and the city of Sinop.〔In the (presumably Loeb) 1912 translation of the Argonautica of Apollonius Rhodius by R. C. Seaton, available from (Project Gutenberg ), lines 2.930–65 include:
〕 Apollonius applies the epithet "woody" to Cytorus, alluding to the boxwood that Strabo mentions. In the 4th of the ''Carmina'', Catullus addresses "Box-tree-clad Cytórus",〔Line 4.13, translated by Richard Francis Burton (1894), available from the (Perseus Project ). This example from Catullus, as well as the ensuing example from Virgil, are given by George W. Mooney in the note to line 2.942 in his 1912 edition of the Argonautica of Apollonius, available from the (Perseus Project ).〕 while in the Georgics, Virgil says, "Fain would I gaze on Cytorus billowy with boxwood".〔Line 2.437 of the Georgics, in 〕 The Homeric commentator Eustathius of Thessalonica mentions a saying, "carry boxwood to Cytorus," with the meaning of "carry coals to Newcastle".〔Mooney, in the work cited, mentions the saying without giving a reference. The Liddell–Scott–Jones lexicon gives the reference to Eustathius under πύξος.〕 Strabo's etymology notwithstanding, Bilge Umar finds the origin of the name Cytorus in the Luwian for "Big wall".〔 There is also reported a folk etymology for the modern name of Gideros, based on its resemblance to the Turkish ''gideriz'' (we go). Villagers say that Roman ships once sought shelter from a storm at Gideros Bay, and when the villagers asked the sailors if they would stay, the sailors replied, "Kalamazsak, gideros"—If we can't stay, we go. Pleased at the prospect of not having the Romans around, the villagers called the bay Gideros.〔"Küçük bir Gideros Şakası" (little Gideros joke ), 〕 == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cytorus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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