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The dagesh () is a diacritic used in the Hebrew alphabet. It was added to the Hebrew orthography at the same time as the Masoretic system of niqqud (vowel points). It takes the form of a dot placed inside a Hebrew letter and has the effect of modifying the sound in one of two ways. An identical mark called mappiq, has a different phonetic function, and can be applied to different consonants; the same mark is also employed in the vowel shuruk. Dagesh and mappiq symbols are often omitted in writing. For instance, is often written as . The use or omission of such marks is usually consistent throughout any given context. The two functions of dagesh are distinguished as either ''kal'' (light) or ''ḥazak'' (strong). == Dagesh kal == A ' or ' (, or , also "' lene", "weak/light ''dagesh''", opposed to "strong dot") may be placed inside the consonants ''bet'', ''gimel'', ''dalet'', ''kaf'', ''pe'' and ''tav''. Historically, each had two sounds: one "hard" (plosive) and one "soft" (fricative), depending on the position of the letter and other factors. When vowel diacritics are used, the hard sounds are indicated by a central dot called ''dagesh'', while the soft sounds lack a ''dagesh''. In Modern Hebrew, however, the ''dagesh'' only changes the pronunciation of ''bet'', ''kaf'', and ''pe'' (traditional Ashkenazic pronunciation also varies the pronunciation of ''tav'', and some traditional Middle Eastern pronunciations carry alternate forms for ''dalet''). : * * * The Hebrew spoken by the Jews of Yemen (Yemenite Hebrew) still has unique phonemes for these letters with and without a dagesh.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Vocalization of Hebrew Alphabet )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dagesh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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