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Dakhini also spelled Dakkhani and Deccani, arose as a Muslim court language of the Deccan Plateau ca. 1300 AD in ways similar to Urdu. It is similar to Urdu in its influence from Arabic and Persian with a Hindi base, but differs because of the strong influence of Arabic, Persian, Marathi, Konkani, Telugu and Kannada spoken in the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. This dialect has a rich and extensive literary heritage. Despite it being the native language of most Muslims of the erstwhile Princely States of Hyderabad State and the Kingdom of Mysore, it is also the spoken form of Hindi-Urdu for most Hindus and non-Hindus of the region to this day and is the most common "street-language" in several cities including Hyderabad and Bangalore. == Overview == Dakhini is spoken in the Deccan plateau region of India. Just as Urdu developed in Lucknow, Dakhini developed in Deccan plateau parallel to Urdu with Khari Boli. The term Dakhini is perhaps an umbrella for a group of dialects spoken by certain communities of Muslims in the Deccan region. Dakhini was the lingua franca of the Muslims of Deccan, chiefly living in Hyderabad state, and the Mysore state, covering most of Deccan plateau except for Moplah Muslims of Kerala and the Maricar, Rawthar and Lebbai Muslims in Tamil Nadu in the south, to the Beary Bhashe language and Konkani speaking Muslims along the western coast of Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra. Though, a minor Segment of Kerala Muslims do speak the Dakhini dialect and identify themself as Dakhini Muslims who follows ''Hanafi Fiqh''(Hanafi School of Islamic Jurisprudence). Dakhni for all practical purposes today is an oral language which is flexible enough to be visually represented by different scripts like Devanagari or Urdu or even Persian. Dakhini was widely spoken across the Deccan plateau peninsula with subtle changes in the dialect as you go down south away from Hyderabad ending as a heavily Tamilized version around the middle of Tamil Nadu. Dakhini mainly spoken by the Muslims living in these areas can also be divided into 2 dialects: North Dakhini - Spoken in areas of Former Hyderabad State: Mainly Hyderabad City, Telangana (mainly Nizamabad city) , Marathwada (cities of Aurangabad and Nanded), Hyderabad-Karnataka (Gulbarga, Bidar & Raichur in Present day Karnataka), minority native Goan Konkani Muslims in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka with some variation of Nawayath, and Goan Muslim dialect in Goa. South Dakhini - Spoken along Central Karnataka, Bangalore, North Tamil Nadu, Southern Andhra Pradesh extending up-til Chennai and Nellore in Andhra Pradesh . These were the areas under the Mysore and Carnatic sultanates. This is also the form of Dakhini spoken by the minor ''Dakhini Muslim'' community of Kerala. North Dakhini is spoken with an added influence of pure Urdu and while South Dakhini draws slightly more influences from Kannada and Tamil, it has quite a number of original words not to be found in Urdu or Northern Dakhini, with even a slightly varied grammar and sentence structuring. This particularly points towards possible signs that Dakhini as a language in its own sense could have evolved from the Southern parts much more than the Northern variation. This dialect is used extensively in the spoken form; when it comes to writing and literary work, standard Urdu is used. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dakhini」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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