|
Édouard Daladier (; 18 June 1884 – 10 October 1970) was a French Radical politician and the Prime Minister of France at the start of the Second World War. ==Career== Daladier was born in Carpentras, Vaucluse. Later, he would become known to many as "the bull of Vaucluse" because of his thick neck and large shoulders and determined look, although cynics also quipped that his horns were like those of a snail. During World War I, he rose from private to captain and company commander. A government minister in various posts during the coalition governments between 1924 and 1928, he was instrumental in the Radical Party's break with the socialist SFIO in 1926, the first ''Cartel des gauches'' – "Left-wing Coalition"), and with the conservative Raymond Poincaré in November 1928. Daladier became a leading member of the Radicals. He first became Prime Minister in 1933, and then again in 1934 for a few days when the Stavisky Affair led to the riots of 6 February 1934 instigated by the far right and the fall of the second ''Cartel des gauches''. Daladier became Minister of War for the Popular Front coalition in 1936; after the fall of the Popular Front, he became Prime Minister again on 10 April 1938. While the forty-hour working week was abolished under Daladier's government, a more generous system of family allowances was established, set as a percentage of wages: for the first child, 5%; for the second, 10%; and for each additional child, 15%. Also created was a home-mother allowance, which had been advocated by pronatalist and Catholic women’s groups since 1929. All mothers who were not professionally employed and whose husbands collected family allowances were eligible for this new benefit. In March 1939, the government added 10% for workers whose wives stayed home to take care of the children. Family allowances were enshrined in the Family Code of July 1939 and, with the exception of the stay-at-home allowance, have remained in force to this day. In addition, a decree of was issued in May 1938 which authorized the establishment of vocational guidance centers. In July 1937, a law was passed (which was followed by a similar law in May 1946) that empowered the Department of Workplace Inspection to order temporary medical interventions.〔https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vW6rXFvm4sQC&pg=PT467&lpg=PT467&dq=france+order+october+1946+occupational+health&source=bl&ots=MIH2xjwYka&sig=Zkk0-wLNLrtdpXlUjDmmxPiYYs8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAGoVChMIoZe708XJyAIVg8UUCh2VBgs6#v=onepage&q=france%20order%20october%201946%20occupational%20health&f=false〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Édouard Daladier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|