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Darunavir (brand name Prezista, formerly known as TMC114) is a protease inhibitor medication used to treat HIV infection. Darunavir is an OARAC recommended treatment option for treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced adults and adolescents.〔Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents, November 3, 2008, Developed by the DHHS Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents – A Working Group of the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council (OARAC). (full guidelines ).〕 It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on June 23, 2006.〔Rodger D MacArthura, Darunavir: promising initial results, 〕 Darunavir is a second-generation protease inhibitor (PIs), designed specifically to overcome problems with the older agents in this class, such as indinavir. Early PIs often have severe side effects and drug toxicities, require a high therapeutic dose, are costly to manufacture, and show a disturbing susceptibility to drug resistant mutations. Such mutations can develop in as little as a year of use, and effectively render the drugs useless. Darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including strains from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to PIs.〔''Darunavir–ritonavir more effective than Lopinavir–ritonavir in HIV infected, treatment-experienced patients'', The Lancet, 2007, 370, (article URL )〕 It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. Darunavir received attention at the time of its release, as it represents an treatment option for people with drug-resistant HIV. Patient advocacy groups pressured developer Tibotec not to follow the previous trend of releasing new drugs at prices higher than existing drugs in the same class. Darunavir was priced to match other common PIs already in use, such as the fixed-dose combination drug lopinavir/ritonavir. The drug costs around $9,000 for a one year supply.〔Liz Highleyman, Patient Advocates Commend Pricing of New PI Darunavir, (HIV and HCV news )〕〔Darunavir - first molecule to treat drug-resistant HIV, (Medical news )〕〔Retaining Efficacy Against Evasive HIV, (Chemical and engineering news )〕 ==Medical uses== Darunavir is an OARAC (DHHS) recommended treatment option for treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced adults and adolescents.〔 It showed comparable efficacy to lopinavir/ritonavir at 96 weeks with a once-daily dosing in treatment-naïve patients.〔(hivandhepatitis.com ), Efficacy and Safety of Boosted Darunavir (Prezista) Are Superior to Lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) at 96 Weeks: ARTEMIS Trial, 2008-10-28, (URL ).〕 It was approved by the FDA for people not previously treated on October 21, 2008.〔(hivandhepatitis.com ), Darunavir (Prezista) Receives Full Traditional Approval, Dose Set for Treatment-naive Patients, Caution Urged for Pregnant Women, 2008-10-24, (URL ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Darunavir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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