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De-Ba'athification (Arabic: ) refers to a policy undertaken in Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority and subsequent Iraqi governments to remove the Ba'ath Party's influence in the new Iraqi political system.〔 It was first outlined in CPA Order 1 which entered into force on 16 May 2003.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.iraqcoalition.org/regulations/20030516_CPAORD_1_De-Ba_athification_of_Iraqi_Society_.pdf )〕 The declared that all public sector employees affiliated with the Ba'ath Party were to be removed from their positions and to be banned from any future employment in the public sector.〔 The policy was highly controversial among US academics, institutions, government, military, and international media and debate outlets.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.aei.org/EMStaticPage/912?page=Summary )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.aei.org/EMStaticPage/1120?page=Summary )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.aei.org/EMStaticPage/739?page=Summary )〕 The policy under the Coalition Provisional Authority was officially rescinded on 28 June 2004 as part of the transfer of sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government on 30 June 2004.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.iraqcoalition.org/regulations/20040628_CPAORD_100_Transition_of_Laws__Regulations__Orders__and_Directives.pdf )〕 However, elements of the policy continued under the Iraqi Governing Council and later under the elected Iraqi Parliament.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ictj.org/publication/unofficial-translation-iraqs-accountability-and-justice-law )〕 Proponents of the policy contend that the policy effectively cleansed Iraqi society of Ba'athist influence, facilitating the creation of a democratic Iraqi government.〔〔 Critics argue that the policy was not only undemocratic, but also a significant factor in the deteriorating security situation throughout Iraq.〔〔Henderson & Tucker, p. 19.〕 ==Goal of policy== The goal of the policy is contained in the language of the preamble of Order No. 1: : Recognizing that the Iraqi people have suffered large scale human rights abuses and depravations () over many years at the hands of the Ba'ath Party, : Noting the grave concern of Iraqi society regarding the threat posed by the continuation of Ba'ath Party networks and personnel in the administration of Iraq, and the intimidation of the people of Iraq by Ba'ath Party officials, : Concerned by the continuing threat to the security of the Coalition Forces posed by the Iraqi Ba'ath Party,〔 Additionally within the first section of Order No. 1: : This order implements the declaration by eliminating the party’s structures and removing its leadership from positions of authority and responsibility in Iraqi society. By this means, the Coalition Provisional Authority will ensure that representative government in Iraq is not threatened by Ba'athist elements returning to power and that those in positions of authority in the future are acceptable to the people of Iraq.〔 Pursuant to the goals of acting on behalf of Iraqi society and attempting to create "secure, stable environment that will sustain freedom and democracy for the Iraqi people,"〔 the goal of the policy was to further the establishment of a democratic political system in Iraq. The overarching goal of the invasion was the seizure and removal of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) and the creation of a democratic government in the Middle East to help fight the Global War on Terror (GWOT). Pursuant to these overarching goals, de-Ba'athification was seen as the logical way to ensure that a previously entrenched, undemocratic, and by all accounts unpopular regime and its influences on political culture were removed.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「De-Ba'athification」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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